Is the Food System prepared for 2030? Considering that Zoomers (Generation Z) will be the largest global cohort in the world at that time, the purpose of the study is to identify what can be learned now from their eating habits to diversify and create a more resilient Food System prepared for the future. Researchers have discovered that the Food System should encourage sustainable and healthier food production by empowering a resilient local production. These changes are aligned with Zoomer preferences for local and organic food, considering their moral, ethical, and economic implications. To gather data, a quantitative investigation was performed among university students from Romania using an online survey in which 343 responses were recorded. A direct logistic regression was performed, similar to the one presented by Wilson and Lorenz (2015), to assess the impact of factors on the changing eating habits of Zoomers. The results showed significant changes in the diet of Zoomers who are facing an increased internationalization of the food consumption; they seek convenience but are also more eager to consume healthy food. For a more resilient Food System, special importance should be given to these preferences, through local and organic production, improving delivery methods, and enhancing the food experience in a responsible and ethical manner in order to prepare it for the next majoritarian cohort. These findings can be further developed by adapting the current Food System to emerging food eating habits and also by addressing how Zoomers’ food choices can improve the environmental impact of the Food System.
The paper addresses the dynamics of education by using Markov chains, a powerful probabilistic model able to make predictions on how sources of knowledge either change or stabilize over adulthood. To this end, each student filled in a survey that rated, on a scale from 1 to 5, the utility of five different sources of knowledge. They completed this survey twice, once for their previous and once for their current education. The authors then fitted a Markov chain to these data—essentially, calculating transition probabilities from one ranking of sources of knowledge to another—and inferred the final maximum utility sources of knowledge via the stationary distribution. The overall conclusion is the following: even if the professor used to play a crucial role in early development, students have the tendency to become independent in their learning process, relying more on online materials and less on printed books and libraries.
The managerial responsibilities and resources required to implement the methods of nutrition labeling of foods lie with the whole food system. The use of back-of-pack (BOP) nutrition labeling in the form of the nutrition declaration is widespread in commercial practice, and in the EU it is even mandatory for most products. Detailed numerical information on the nutrient content of the product makes it difficult for consumers to understand. Through a quantitative exploratory research, this paper focuses on the descriptive analysis of different voluntary front of pack (FOP) labeling schemes, assessing their impact on consumers' perception of the nutritional quality of products and determining their usefulness in terms of understanding the declared nutritional information. We are interested in increasing the usefulness of these systems in the context of a low level of consumer understanding of nutritional information (especially BOP), as indicated by the results obtained. This will facilitate the process of selecting more nutritionally balanced products to meet the need for education and healthy lifestyles. We start from the premise that the harmonization of front of pack labeling schemes, which tend to take the form of graded indicators, could be considered a necessary and useful innovative solution in the process of selecting and comparing food products on the market according to their declared nutritional profile. A single, voluntary, interpretative traffic light system, as the EU proposes, would harmonize the nutritional labeling of foods, as a condition for putting social policy on consumer nutrition education into practice, but also for facilitating the reformulation and promotion of healthier foods, beyond the controversies over the discrimination of some of them.
Sustainability is one of the global key trends amplified by the Covid-19 pandemic. The main economic players took action in setting the sustainability goals in their organizations and bringing sustainability at the top of their priorities. Sustainability is now at the beginning of all innovation and development processes. The way sustainability is understood by all involved actors will drive the success of the sustainability projects. From the last study we have conducted, one of the most important conclusion was the fact that as long as consumers are educated and informed about sustainability measures they are open to get involved and are enough motivated to take action. The main goals are compelled by authorities and underlined by NGOs, implemented and adopted by the economic environment, the producers and the retailers or trade channels. Their task is to set the main measures for implementing the proper sustainability related projects, so they should be called drivers in the communication process of sustainability and the consumers could follow, becoming the followers in this important task. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main players of the sustainability communication process, to find a way they could act together and to design an original model for communicating sustainability. The model could be used by the main sustainability players in order to find a common ground, for creating motivation and setting the main objectives and measures for reaching the sustainability goal
In these days, universities and other higher education institutions are encountering rising survival issues as a result of increased competitors' pressure. When associating this operating background to the increased tuition fees that students have to pay nowadays, higher education providers are constantly searching for various ways of expanding their customer base outside their campus. On the other hand, given the profound economic crisis that leads to a high need for cost reduction, companies are investigating new and innovative ways to tackle with their employees' training cost. For both higher education institutions and companies, e-learning seems to be the pertinent solution. Even though there is an extensive interest in the e-learning topic within the literature in both academic and professional settings, most of these papers are mainly focused on its benefits and advantages, defining e-learning as a true education revolution, with very few reference to its shortcomings. The current paper is developing a critic review of academic and professional paperwork on the e-learning topic with the purpose of identifying what challenges is facing the e-learning system development. The research conducted led to common, but also surprising and rather hidden conclusions: e-learning is truly expanding faster and wider than ever before in terms of offering, students and people around the world are enrolling in more and more e-learning courses, but interestingly enough e-learning courses graduation rate is very low as many students fail to actually go through the entire course. The practical implications of these findings suggest that higher and better effort should be made so as to define e-learning as a real education setting changer. Among recommended approach strategies to solve these problems, we include marketing strategies aimed at e-learning education so as to raise awareness among students and to boost motivation, but also development and usage of innovation as means to enhance the student community and extend users' interaction with the eventual scope of creating strong and powerful student communities.
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