Natural gas is a primary energy source that contains a number of light paraffins. It also contains several undesirable components, such as water, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, etc. In our study, a selective hydrogen sulphide removal process was achieved by alkali chemisorption in a custom-designed jet reactor. Several model gas compositions (CO2-H2S-N2) were evaluated to find parameters that enable H2S absorption instead of CO2. The negative effect of the presence of CO2 in the raw gas on the efficiency of H2S removal was observed. The beneficial effect of the low residence time (less than 1 s) on the efficiency of H2S removal was recognized. Optimal operational parameters were defined to reach at least a 50% efficiency of H2S removal and minimal alkali consumption.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer that is widely used in medical devices, drug delivery systems, fibers for packaging containers and textiles. However, given that interactions between the polymer and the materials in contact with it affect its applications, it is important to study its adsorption and diffusion properties. The adsorption capacity of different polylactic acid particles regarding different additives, e.g. essential oils (Thymus vulgaris, Melissa officinalis and Foeniculum vulgare), was investigated. PLA microparticles of various sizes were prepared by a solvent emulsification evaporation method. In this study, the specific adsorption of essential oils on PLA microparticles was also investigated, which is related to the solubility parameters of essential oils. The experiments were performed using three different solutions of essential oils and ethanol as a solvent. Two sets of PLA microparticles were prepared with different solvents using three different particle sizes. PLA microparticles exhibited different adsorption properties depending on the solvent that was used for their production. Samples of particles prepared using the solvent dichloromethane had a higher essential oil uptake than those prepared with chloroform. The uptake of essential oil solution did not change significantly (∼60%) by varying either the type of solvent used for PLA preparation or PLA particle size. The solubility of the essential oils affects the specific adsorption of essential oils on the microparticles. Among the components of the Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs), the polarity of essential oils is strongly related to adsorption.
Algaetechnology is a significant scope of the international research and developmental work because it's a green technology that reduces the utterance of impurities and works as a renewing energy source. The CO 2 from stack gases of the various flows of manufacturing and the nitrogen from certain technical wastewater are necessary for the plants even as algae. The transaction of CO 2 with this object and the utilization stand a good chance by hungarian clime with the teamwork from the technical environment. The technology is a new solution in Hungary which eases utterance of the impurities. As a result of our research we expanded alga polities which utilize the CO 2 from refinery's stack gas and they grow intensively in the continental clime, too. The critical points of the technology are the concentration of the algae suspension and the extraction because of the high investment and operating costs and high operational time. The algae technology in this direction depends on this step. Our aim is to separate the algae mass faster and more economical from the starter solution. The optimization of the separating operations and technologies takes notice of the environmental and economic aspects.
ABSTRACT. Significant part of the energy need of the world is covered by utilization of natural gas. Due to the hydrogen sulphide content of raw gas the natural gas industry has to tackle some serious problems, for example corrosion-, environmental-, economic-and safety engineering problems. Our aim is to develop the selective hydrogen sulfide absorption by using alkali solutions. Experiments were performed in a specially designed atomizing reactor by using potassium-and sodium hydroxide absorbents. During the tests the following parameters have changed: contact time, pressure, volumetric flow rate of gas and liquid, concentration and material quality of absorbents. Three different model gas mixtures were used for measurements; they consist of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.
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