The document defines the terms most commonly encountered in the field of polymer reactions and functional polymers. The scope has been limited to terms that are specific to polymer systems. The document is organized into three sections. The first defines the terms relating to reactions of polymers. Names of individual chemical reactions are omitted from the document, even in cases where the reactions are important in the field of polymer reactions. The second section defines the terms relating to polymer reactants and reactive polymeric materials. The third section defines the terms describing functional polymeric materials.
A method for measuring intrinsic advancing (θadv) and receding (θrec) water contact angles is reported for hydrosilylation-cured poly(dimethylsiloxane) network coatings that are analogues of biomedical materials. Static and dynamic contact angle (DCA) methods were used to evaluate coatings prepared from commercial divinyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (C-DVPDMS) and synthesized low polydispersity divinyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (N-DVPDMS). DCA measurements showed that coatings prepared with both C-DVPDMS and N-DVPDMS contaminated the water surface during analysis. For ambient temperature cure, the rate of contamination was C-DVPDMS > N-DVPDMS. Methods for acquiring intrinsic contact angles on the PDMS coatings include using a large surface area reservoir or changing the water reservoir between DCA cycles. Intrinsic contact angles for hydrosilylation-cured PDMS coatings are as follows: θadv, 118°, θrec 83°; after contamination of the water surface the contact angles change to θadv, 108°, θrec 87°.
Thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at about 25°C. irradiated with a medium‐pressure mercury lamp undergo random scission with a quantum yield of 0.039 and 0.017 scissions/quantum absorbed in vacuum and in air, respectively. Crosslinking in air was not observed. Quantum yields for scission were independent of intensity. Volatile products included methyl formate, methyl methacrylate, and methanol in quantum yields of 0.14, 0.20, and 0.48 molecules per quantum absorbed, respectively. During irradiation in either vacuum or air, the ultraviolet absorption of PMMA increases with a band at 285 mμ, attributed to carbonyl groups in the polymer itself. A mechanism for the photodegradation of PMMA is suggested.
A structure-based nomenclature for regular single-strand organic polymers is described. In concept, a generic name for the polymer (ABC)n is poly(ABC), in which (ABC) is a constitutional repeating unit (CRU) representing the chemical structure of the polymer chain, and A, B, and C are the subunits that comprise the CRU. To provide a unique and unambiguous name, rules are given to identify the preferred CRU and to name it using the names of A, B, and C based on current organic nomenclature. Provisions are made for naming end-groups of the polymers and the polymer substituents. In addition, the document contains a glossary of concepts and definitions, a list of common subunit names, and a variety of examples of structure-based polymer names. The document is a revision of the 1975 Rules.
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