The coastal ocean extends from the land-sea interface where freshwater enters the ocean through rivers and estuaries to beyond the continental shelf.Due in part to its shallow and complex bathymetry and coastline, the coastal ocean is quite dynamic and can feature large waves and currents driven by atmospheric storms and ocean tides, and large changes in water temperature and salinity due to seasonal changes in the surface weather and river runoff.The coastal ocean is also extremely productive, supporting a rich and di-
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