Stearate Self-E m u lsifyi ng Propylene Glycol Stearates (PGS) are a mixture of the mono-and diesters of triple-pressed stearic acid and propylene glycol and are used in a wide variety of cosmetic products.Studies with 14C-fabeled PGS show that it is readily metabolized following ingestion. In rats, the acute oral LD50 has been shown to be approximately 25.8 g/kg. The raw ingredient produced no significant dermal toxicity, skin irritation, or eye irritation in acute tests with rabbits. Subchronic animal studies produced no evidence of oral or dermal toxicity. Propylene glycol monostearate was negative in in vitro microbial assays for mutagenicity.In clinical studies, PGS produced no significant skin irritation at concentrations up to 55% nor skin sensitization on formulations containing 2.5%. Photo-contact allergenicity tests on product formulations containing 1.5% PGS were negative.From the available information, it i s concluded that Propylene Glycol Stearates are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the present practices of use. CHEMISTRY CompositionPropylene Glycol Stearate ropylene Glycol Stearate (PGS) is a mixture of the 1,2-propanediol mono-P and diesters of stearic and palmitic acids in which the monoester, propylene glycol monostearate, predominates. It is produced by reacting propylene glycol and triple-pressed stearic acid under elevated temperatures in the presence of a catalyst. The general reaction is as follows:
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