Objective: To determine the prevalence of renal abnormalities in young healthy individuals on screening ultrasonography of kidneys. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Hyderabad from Sep 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: 2050, Young asymptomatic healthy individuals of 15-24 years age, coming to radiology department for screening ultrasound of kidneys were included in the study. The examination was performed with standard convex probe of 3.5MHz on Aloka Pro sound SSD-3500 Ultrasound machine by experienced radiologist. Both kidneys were scanned with patient in supine and lateral positions. The images were taken in both longitudinal and transverse sections. Results: Out of 2050 cases included in the study, 112 (5.46 %) had renal abnormalities, 81 (3.95 %) had renal calculi, hydronephrosis was found in 14 (0.68%) cases, out of which ten were due to calculi, 9 (0.44%) individuals had abnormalities of size, shape and position and renal cysts were found in 7 (0.34%) cases with six simple and one septated cyst, while only 1 (0.05%) case had bilaterally echogenic kidneys. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of renal abnormalities was 5.46% with calculi comprising the major abnormality. Early detection with ultrasound screening can prevent further damage to the kidneys in young asymptomatic healthy individuals. It is recommended to perform screening ultrasonography of kidneys, ureters and bladder in young candidates before induction in services.
Objective: To study the incidental abnormalities of paranasal sinuses in cancer patients who underwent F18-FDG PET/ CT scan. Methods: Study population was 342 patients who presented at Armed Forces Institute of Radiological Imaging (AFIRI), Rawalpindi from December 2019 to March 2020, out of which 101 patients showed CT findings with F18-FDG avidity in paranasal sinuses. Findings were Mucosal thickening, retention cyst and opacification seen in either one or multiple sinuses unilaterally or bilaterally. Mucosal thickening and opacification were labelled as active disease while retention cyst as non-inflammatory. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUV Max) of all the involved sinuses on PET were calculated to assess correlation between CT and PET findings. Results: 101 out of 342 (29%) patients who underwent PET/CT for oncological purpose had abnormal incidental findings in paranasal sinuses with maxillary sinus being the most commonly involved. The best cut-off value for sinusitis on PET/CT was calculated to be 1.82 with specificity of 90.8% implicating that SUVs above this cutoff value will likely represent sinusitis Conclusion: From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that incidental sinus findings are not seen uncommonly in cancer patients.
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