Introduction: Dermatitis herpetiformis or also known as Duhring's Disease or gluten rash is an autoimmune vesicobulose disease, this disease is not related to dermatitis, nor is it caused by the herpes virus, but a specific and recurrent chronic skin condition associated with celiac disease and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. The main predisposing factor is genetics, this is related to Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs) DQ2 and DQ8. Dermatitis herpetiformis can affect any age but appears more often for the first time in young adults between the ages of 30 and 40, more often in men than in women, where the lesions in men are common in the mouth and genitalia. Discussion:The main lesions are erythematous papules, plaques, urticaria, or most commonly vesicles, of which large bullae rarely occur. The lesions seen in people with dermatitis herpetiformis may be crusted and may not show the main lesion. On physical examination, excoriation and erosion are common. The distribution of lesions in dermatitis herpetiformis is symmetrical with a frequent predilection of the extensor surfaces of the forearms, elbows, shoulders, knees, buttocks and back. The main therapeutic management of dermatitis herpetiformis is a gluten-free diet. Adherence to a strict gluten-free diet resulted in resolution of symptoms of dermatitis herpetiformis and a positive development of intestinal pathology. Despite implementing a non-strict gluten-free diet, the accumulation of IgA in the dermoepidermal junction in dermatitis herpetiformis patients will slowly disappear and may take several years to completely disappear. Conclusion:The management of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis should be a team consisting of a dermatologist, a gastroenterologist and a nutritionist. Patients require follow-up to monitor long-term medication use and control recurrence of symptoms. Regular visits will facilitate screening and early detection of autoimmune conditions or neoplasms that may be associated with dermatitis herpetiformis and to obtain referral therapy for patients experiencing them.
Introduction: Anticipation of genes in genetics is a phenomenon that genetic disorders are passed from one generation to the next. The symptoms of this genetic disorder become clearer with early age with each generation. In many cases, the increase in symptom severity also occurs in later generations. Gene anticipation is common in diseases with trinucleotide repetition disorders, such as Huntington's disease and myotonic dystrophy. This disease occurs quite dynamic mutase in DNA. All of these diseases also have neurological symptoms. Anticipation of genes is still debated, including biological phenomena or earlier diagnosis related to increased awareness of disease symptoms in the family. There are two disease manifestation related oral disease, such as hutington and bechet disease. This article aims to review basic understanding anticipation gene, lead to manifestation oral disease.Discussion: Genetic anticipation is the phenomenon of an earlier age of onset or an increase in the severity of the clinical picture of genetic disorders as they are passed on to the next generation. The molecular mechanisms underlying anticipation are largely unknown but are typically associated with repeated trinucleotide expansions in several genetic diseases. In cancer, genetic anticipation has previously been described in several hereditary cancer syndromes, such as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), leukemia, Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and also in breast and ovarian cancer. Evidence suggests that short telomeres and subsequent genomic instability contribute to the anticipation of malignant transformation genes. Telomere shortening has been described as a genetic anticipatory mechanism in congenital dyskeratosis and Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Women who carry mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, and part of the BRCAX family, are characterized by short telomeres. In this case, genetic anticipation, successive cancer baseline age, in this family was associated with a decrease in telomere length in the affected girls compared to their mothers. Conclusion:Huntington's disease shows anticipation and expansion of repeated CAG trips. All repeat triplets in genetic diseases identified to date show anticipation. Several other diseases also show anticipation including spinocerebellar ataxia type 2, bipolar affective disorder, Bechet's syndrome and spastic heratitis paraparesis (Strumpell's disease).
Background: Median rhomboid glossitis (MRG) is the condition with the central papillary atrophy of the tongue, and it affects 1% of the population. Rogers and Bruce stated that men are affected 3 times more often than women.Objectives: To know the correlation between median rhomboid glossitis and fungal infection. Problem Statements: Median rhomboid glossitis often occurs in people with diabetes mellitus or others immunocompromised condition. This condition also can lead the fungal infection in oral cavity.Discussion: In people who is smoker can increase the candidal carrier rate in both diabetic and healthy subjects. Diabetic patients with oral candidiasis who were smokers had significantly higher candidal load than diabetic patients with oral candidiasis who were ex-smokers or who did not smoke. MRG is higher in immunosuppressed patients, diabetics, and in patients on broad-spectrum antibiotics. Conclusion:There was a highly significant statistical correlation between MRG and Candida species. In particular, the midline of the tongue is suitable for intense overgrowth of Candida organisms.
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