Indonesia is country with abundant high-risk areas for various disasters that can affect both the structural and non-structural safety of various vital establishments, particularly hospitals. This present study aims to examine the level of the hospital safety index in nine hospitals in four provinces based on the guidelines from the WHO/PAHO (World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization). The Hospital Safety Index (HSI) guidelines consist of four parameters that include the types of hazards, structural safety, non-structural safety, disasters and emergency managements. This study was a cross-sectional study on data obtained through interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), observations, and document reviews to assess the parameters of the HSI. Data were calculated for the HSI score, and descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) were carried out. The SPSS software version 25.0 was used for the statistical analysis. Results show that the overall safety index was 0.673 (Level A), meaning that it is likely the hospital will maintain functionality in emergencies and disasters. By province, the level A index was identified in DKI Jakarta (0.76), Yogyakarta (0.709), and West Java (0.673), showing that hospitals in these provinces will maintain functionality in emergency and disaster situations; however, in North Sumatera, the index was categorized in B category (0.507), demonstrating that the hospital’s ability to function during and after emergencies and disasters is potentially at risk. The multiple correspondence analysis shows that the hospitals in the provinces of Yogyakarta and West Java tend to achieve similar categories in almost all assessment modules; therefore, control measures of preparedness should be considered, such as improvements in equipment and facilities; hospital emergency and disaster response and recovery planning; communication and information management; training; and relevant stakeholders awareness.
In Citeureup Sub-district, Bogor, Indonesia, many MSMEs have developed their business around the metal sector. Despite many MSMEs operating in the area, there still a lack of OHS implementation. This study aimed to create an online database regarding business profile, OHS implementation, and health symptoms among workers at surveyed MSMEs. The survey was conducted to the 56 MSMEs located in Pasir Mukti Village, Citeureup District, Bogor Regency, Indonesia. The majority of MSMEs are micro-sized enterprises with 1-4 workers and produce metal products. Only 2% of MSMEs have an OHS commitment that is formally signed by the employer. The most prevalent hazards found in MSMEs were noise (71%), dust exposure (57%), and vibration (45%). Awkward postures and manual handlings are also commonly found in MSMEs. The most prevalent health symptom commonly experienced by workers is the soreness of the musculoskeletal system. There are six primary healthcare facilities located around MSMEs, yet only one facility operates for 24 hours and only 2 out of 6 facilities have an ambulance for emergencies.
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