Pengembangan Instrumen merupakan suatu proses perancangan dan perakitan alat ukur agar menjadi alat ukur yang berkualitas baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan produk Instrumen Tes untuk mengukur Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) berorientasi Programme for International Student Assesment (PISA) pada Peserta Didik yang berkategori layak digunakan. Produk yang dihasilkan meliputi dimensi kognitif, yakni instrumen tes essai berupa butir soal HOTS berorientasi PISA yang mencakup C4, C5, dan C6 dalam taxonomi Anderson dan Kartwohl dan dimensi afektif dan psikomotor berupa kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Penelitian ini merupakan Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan langkah pengembangan dari ADDIE yang dikembangkan oleh Dick dan Carry (1996) yang diadopsi oleh Mulyatiningsih yang mencakup 5 langkah, yakni Analisis, Desain Pengembangan, Pelaksanaan Pengembangan, Penerapan dan Evaluasi . Berdasarkan hasil validasi produk oleh ahli, dihasilkan instrumen tes untuk mengukur Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) berorientasi Programme for International Student Assesment (PISA) pada Peserta Didik. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan terhadap siswa mengenai instrumen ini, diperoleh 50% dan menunjukkan kategori "sangat kompeten".

An increase in infectious and non-communicable diseases is caused by a bad lifestyle at a young age. And much is needed enough knowledge and good attitude as early as possible to prevent the occurrence of infectious or non-communicable diseases. The study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, aatitudes and healthy lifestyle behaviors of third-level female students of the Diploma III in Midwifery University MH Thamrin East Jakarta. This study used a cross-sectional design that was carried out for two months in the study program at Midwifery University MH Thamrin East Jakarta. Based on the result of the bivariate analysis test between the variables of knowledge with healthy lifestyle behaviors, the value of p=0,43 and OR = 1,75 shows that there is no relationship between knowledge and healthy lifestyle behavior. Atttitudes with healthy lifestyle behaviors indicate that positive attitudes have a healthy lifestyle that is higher by 90.7% (49 respondents) compored to negative attitudes have a 4 times chance of having a healthy lifestyle compared to respondents with negative attitudes. Based on the result and discussion it can be concluded that respondents with good knowledge have 2 times the opportunity to have a healthy lifestyle compared with respondents with less knowledge and respondents with a positive attitude have a 4.2 times chance of having a healthy lifestyle compared to respondents with a negative attitude

ABSTRAKMonosodium glutamat (MSG) adalah garam natrium dari asam glutamat yang digunakan sebagai penyedap rasa. MSG berpengaruh pada motilitas tuba yaitu pada lapisan otot polos dan jumlah sel epitel sekretorik tuba fallopii. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi vitamin C dan E terhadap jumlah sel epitel sekretorik dan tebal lapisan otot polos tuba fallopii pada tikus yang dipapar MSG selama 42 hari. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorik dengan menggunakan 25 ekor tikus betina dewasa yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu K(-) adalah kontrol negatif; K(+) MSG 0,7mg/g BB; PI mendapat MSG 0,7mg/gBB +vitamin C 0,2mg/gBB+vitamin E 0,04 IU/gBB; PII mendapat MSG 0,7mg/gBB +vitamin C 0,4mg/gBB+vitamin E 0,04 IU/gBB; PIII mendapat MSG 0,7mg/gBB+vitamin C 0,8mg/gBB+vitamin E 0,04 IU/gBB. Pada hari ke-43 tikus yang diterminasi adalah pada fase proestrus lalu dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi tuba fallopii dengan pengecatan HE yang diamati dibawah mikroskop Dot Slide. Uji one way ANOVA menunjukkan hasil bahwa kombinasi vitamin C dan E dapat meningkatkan jumlah sel epitel sekretorik dan tebal lapisan otot polos (masing-masing p=0,000 dan p=0,042). Diduga hal tersebut disebabkan oleh menurunnya kadar estrogen pada siklus reproduksi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kombinasi dosis vitamin C dan vitamin E meningkatkan jumlah sel epitel sekretorik dan tebal lapisan otot polos tuba fallopii tikus yang dipapar MSG, meskipun tidak bermakna antar kelompok dosis.Kata Kunci: Jumlah sel epitel sekretorik, tebal lapisan otot polos, tuba fallopii, MSG, vitamin C, vitamin E ABSTRACT Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is sodium salt from glutamate acid used as flavor enhancer. MSG affects tube motility on smooth muscle layers and the number of fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells. This research aims to determine the effect of vitamin C and E combination on the number of secretory epithelial cells and smooth muscle thickness of fallopian tubes in rats exposed to MSG for 42 days. The research design is an experimental post-test control group design using 25 adult female rats divided into 5 groups, namely K (-) is the negative control; K (+) MSG 0,7 mg/g BW; PI received MSG 0,7 mg/g BW + Vitamin C 0,2mg/g + Vitamin E 0,04 IU/g BW; PII received MSG 0,7mg/g BW + vitamin C 0,4mg/g BW + vitamin E 0,04 rd IU/g BW; PIII received MSG 0,7mg/g BW + vitamin C 0,8mg/g BW + vitamin E 0,04 IU/g BW. On the 43 day, the rats were terminated in proestrus phase and their fallopian tube hystopathologies were examined with HE staining under Dot Slide microscope. One way ANOVA test results show that the combination of vitamin C and E tend to increase the number of secretory epithelial cells and smooth muscle thickness (p=0,000 and p=0,042 respectively), presumably due to the decreasing of estrogen secretion on reproduction cycle. In short, the dosage combination of vitamin C and E tends to increase the amount of secretory epithelial cells and smooth muscle thickness fallopian tubes of MSG-exposed mice althoug...

Teknik non farmakologi untuk mengurangi nyeri setelah operasi sectio caesarea salah satunya dengan guided imagery yaitu menggunakan imajinasi seseorang yang dirancang secara khusus untuk mencapai efek positif tertentu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan nyeri pada pasien post sectio caesarea sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan guided imagery. Desain penelitian quasi experimental dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan rancangan one group pretest-posttest. Sampel 40 responden, sampling menggunakan consecutive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuisioner dan SOP guided imagery, kemudian data di analisa dengan uji Sample Paired T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan t hitung Sig. (2-tailed)=0,000<0,05 () yang berarti Ho ditolak, sehingga ada perbedaan nyeri pada pasien post sectio caesarea sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan guided imagery. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa guided imagery dapat mengurangi rasa nyeri terutama pada pasien post sectio caesarea.

One of the means to channel democracy is through the Village Head Election. Democracy inthe context of village head elections can be understood as an acknowledgment of the diversityand attitudes of community political participation from the community within a democraticframe at the village level. Participation is essential to research, considering an election'ssuccess can be seen from the level of community participation. The formulation of this study'sproblems is 1) What is community political participation in the simultaneous village headelection in East Java. 2) What factors increase the level of community political participation inthe Pilkades Simultaneously in East Java. In this study the authors used an empirical juridicalresearch approach from primary and secondary data sources with data collection usinginterviews, observation and documentation and data analysis used was descriptive qualitative.This study concludes that the level of public political participation in the PilkadesSimultaneously in East Java from 2013 to 2019 increases annually. This is evidenced by voters'level in each village having a high percentage, namely, village A increased by 32%, Village B2%, Village C 16%, and Village D 16%. This happens because several factors, such as: first,internal's factors, include socioeconomic, age, and awareness of political society.Simultaneously, external’s factors have political aspects of money, environment, information, and the figures from the village head candidate itself. The community must continue to raiseawareness of the importance of political participation. The government must also intensifyuseful programs to stimulate the community's attractiveness to play a more active role in thevillage's betterment.

This study aims to discuss the difficulties in understanding science subject matter associated with educational psychology. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method, namely the data obtained by the author is presented in the discussion. In obtaining data, the author uses literature in the form of books and journals. The results showed that there are various kinds of difficulties in understanding science subject matter and there are factors that can be linked to educational psychology and also how to overcome these difficulties.

Research aims to determine the form of application of Islamic integration in science education in Indonesia. The method in this research uses a systematic review meta-analysis method. The data used in the study were obtained by collecting journals using the Sinta journals indeks 1 to 6. This time the writer used qualitative techniques and used the prism method. The result showed that in the jourals Sinta 1 to Sinta 6 there were 193 journals found in the search for keywords on science and science education. From 193 journals, it was found that there were 47 articles related to Islam and 10 articles related to the Al-quran. It is concluded that the application of Islamic integration in science education has been carried out quite a lot and has various forms of application of Islamic integration. Researchers found various topics related to Islamic integration. However, the integration of Islam in the form of science learning in Indonesia is still small because the number of resources with a background in humanities and social science is more dominant. The development of Islamic values in education can be done through the development model of teaching materials, methods, or learning approaches.

Madura is an area in East Java that has a negative stigma from the wider community. This is inseparable from the existence of Carok as a last resort to solve problems for the Madurese people. It is necessary to reconstruct through historiography to reduce the negative stigma. In some previous studies, it examined Carok which was reviewed from the law in Indonesia and the history of the Madurese people to the character of the Madurese people. However, the research has not explained the history of the conflict, especially Carok in Madura. Therefore, researchers use historical methods to explore Carok 's history in detail to know the development of Carok and its relevance to Settong Dara, the values of Carok, and Carok 's understanding of efforts with Settong Dara to reduce negative stigma in Madurese society. The research results obtained are that Carok was known during the Dutch colonial period. At that time, dutch people were moved to challenge the Dutch after the death of Sakera. However, the Dutch fought to make the image of celurit and Madura ugly. Before committing Carok, the two sides in the dispute must first meet the requirements. In the present time, this requirement has been ignored by some people, causing a shift in the meaning of Carok which causes a negative stigma. If examined further, various values in Carok will be known.