Actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease that presents as three entities, cervico-facial, abdominal and genital, with cervico-facial being the commonest. Due to its subacute presentation and indolent course, abdominal actinomycosis is difficult to diagnose and is often confused with malignancy. We present a case of an elderly diabetic with no known other risk factors of the disease with complaints of right sided abdominal swelling and presence of abdominal mass on imaging, diagnosed post operatively as a case of abdominal actinomycosis, on histopathology. Abdominal actinomycosis should be considered in differentials in cases with abdominal masses. Diabetes Mellitus is not an established risk factor for development of abdominal actinomycosis. Studies are required to link its association with the disease. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.ICON-Suppl.1724 How to cite this:Memon RA, Shafquat Y, Yaqoob N. Abdominal actinomycosis in an elderly diabetic. Pak J Med Sci. Special Supplement ICON 2020. 2020;36(1):S98-S100. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.ICON-Suppl.1724 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the histopathological spectrum of phyllodes tumor of breast in women of various age groups. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study Place and Duration: This cross-sectional study was done at the Department of histopathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan. 2017-2021. Methods: Total 178 cases of phyllodes tumors were retrospectively identified. The clinical history of patients was taken from computer storage data followed by review of microscopic slides by two histopathologists. Excel 2021 and SPSS 22 were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age was 35.37±11.74 (range 12-70 years). Most of the cases were of benign phyllodes tumors 55.1%(n=98). Maximum number of cases were of the age groups 30-39 years (36.5%(n=65). Two cases of malignant phyllodes tumor were noted in age groups 11-20 years. Conclusion: Phyllodes tumor of breast is more common in 3rd decade. A multidisciplinary approach including complete and thorough clinical examination, careful histopathologic evaluation should be done to ensure prompt treatment to patients. Keywords: Phyllodes tumor, Fibroepithelial lesion, Histopathologic examination
Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the role of smoking in high- and low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study Study setting: This cross-sectional study was done at the Department of histopathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Methods: Total 165 cases of urothelial carcinoma were included in this study. The clinical history of patients was taken from computer storage data followed by review of microscopic slides by two histopathologists. Excel 2021 and SPSS 22 were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 165 cases were enrolled in the study. 55.15% (n=91) were smokers. Smoking history was positive in most cases of low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Follow up of patients was taken at 24 months after biopsy or resection of tumor. Patient with high grade urothelial carcinoma poor outcome i.e., 53.3% dead at the follow up taken at 24 months. Conclusion: In conclusion, urothelial carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy which has strong association with smoking. Patients with positive smoking history present with higher stage and grade of disease. Early intervention in form of strict follow up and smoking cessation should be done in patients to ensure prompt treatment. Keywords: High grade urothelial carcinoma, Low grade urothelial carcinoma, Smoking
Objective: To compare the negative appendectomy in the females of reproductive and non-reproductive age groups. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Hyderabad, Pakistan, from January 2018 to December 2019. Methodology: A total of 1126 appendectomy specimens were enrolled irrespective of age and gender. The biodata of patients was retrieved from the database. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results: Out of total 1126 reported cases, 787 (69.9%) were males and 339 (30.1%) were females. The mean age was calculated to be 24.43 ± 12.42 years ranging from 2-94 years. Histopathological examination revealed cases of acute appendicitis 374 (33.2%), acute appendicitis with peri-appendicitis 478 (42.5%), fibrous obliteration 28 (2.5%) and parasitic infestation 7 (0.6%). Overall negative appendectomies were 219 (19.4%) and were prominent in females 100 (29.5%) than males 119 (15.1%). Also it was higher in females of reproductive age group 77 (30.4%) than in non-reproductive age group 23 (27.9%). Conclusion: In our study negative appendectomy in females of reproductive age groups was found to be higher than expected. Clinical scoring systems, biochemical markers, imaging modalities, and second opinion from other specialties like internal medicine, gynae and obstetric have been introduced to substantiate the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and thereby decreases the negative appendectomy.
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a neoplasm of the salivary gland that causes 3.6% of salivary gland tumours and 12% of salivary gland malignancies. It is a myoepithelial or epithelial neoplasm that arises from pleomorphic adenoma, whether primary or recurrent. Historically carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is considered a high-grade malignancy. Salivary duct carcinoma and high-grade adenocarcinoma are the histologic types that most commonly arise in the background of Pleomorphic adenoma. However, 15% of tumours arising in Pleomorphic adenoma are considered low grade and have sluggish growth. Low-grade carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma can be difficult to differentiate from cellular pleomorphic adenoma. The case of a 56-year-old female patient who had neck swelling is being presented. The biopsy showed spindle cell component with mild atypia, invasion into surrounding tissue, and increased mitotic activity on the basis ---Continue
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