The widespread adoption of user-generated material on social networking sites enables the gathering of individuals. The internet has grown in popularity based on multidisciplinary information sources. Nowadays, every individual has constantly bombarded the internet with information, and it is very challenging for every person to distinguish between factual and misleading information. Social networking sites mainly rely on content providers to filter the information. The chapter has focused on political news where the machine learning-based hybrid approach has been used to detect false statements. The work is to determine the information is deceptive or accurate. The authors investigate the link between publisher attitude and news stance, and the hyperpartisan media sources are more prone than other resources to propagate false information. Furthermore, they show that this is not required to examine news and information to recognize misleading headlines, but that utilizing variables such as publisher bias, user interactions, and news-related pictures may obtain equivalent results.
Fuzzy logic is used to handle situations when the outcome cannot be specified by a hard limit of yes or no. Many human diseases may be diagnosed using a particular test or diagnostic method which tells people whether they have the condition or not. Migraine is a less-known condition; hence, there is no permanent treatment for migraines yet. There isn't a specific test for diagnosing migraines, which implies that only an individual's physical and mental symptoms may be used for the diagnosis of migraines. Symptoms also vary from one another—no standard definition of migraine at the moment. There are currently no tests in the medical field that can diagnose migraines. The symptom indicates the severity and health state of the migraine. This professional method attempts to assess and diagnose migraine utilizing ambiguous symptoms. Obscure refers to items or traits that are not measured using precise logic; in other words, there isn't a significant differentiation between yes and no. Migraine has various symptoms; we can estimate the severity of the migraines based on all these symptoms. We solved the problem using MATLAB.
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