Background: World is ever changing due to advancement in realm of science and technology, one such advancement is in field of smart phones. The ubiquity of smart phone technology raises concern for its addiction among adolescents and its relationship with quality of sleep, mental and physical health problems. Objective of the study was to investigate magnitude of smart phone addiction and evaluate the impact of smart phone addiction on their mental health and sleep quality.Methods: A cross‑sectional study was conducted on sample comprising of 587 students of repudiated school. Students were assessed with a specially designed proforma and Smart phone addiction scale (SAS) which was self‑administered by the students. Subjects were classified into smartphone non-user group, a low smartphone user group and a high smartphone user group. Subsequently depression anxiety and stress sub scores (DASS-21) scale were administered to asses associated behaviour problems, investigate sleep quality Pittsburgh sleep quality inventory was administered (PSQI).Results: Out of 587 subjects who completed the questionnaires 12.9% (n=76) were not using smart phones, (n=315) 53.62% were low users and (n=196) 33.3% were high users of Smart phone as estimated by Smart Phone addiction scale. Those who used smart phone excessively had high Global PSQI scores and DASS-21scores in terms of depression, anxiety and stress.Conclusions: With increasing popularity of smart phones, youths spend significant time on smart phone thereby developing addictive tendencies. This study concludes that youths are not only addicted but are also developing significant sleep and behaviour problems owing to excessive smart phone usage.

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Background: Opioid dependence syndrome has deleterious consequences not only on addict but also on the members of family especially his spouse who is most vulnerable to develop significant psychiatric disorder given the intimate nature of their relationship. Addressing these issues will be beneficial as spouses are important source of moral support and assistance to the substance user’s quest toward abstinence.Methods: For psychiatric morbidity, 100 spouses of men with opioid dependence syndrome were evaluated. Severity of opioid dependence in the husbands was assessed using severity of opioid dependence questioner (SODQ). Quality of life and marital satisfaction was assessed using short form health survey 36 (SF 36) and marital satisfaction scale (MSS) respectively.Results: Data analysis reveals that 33% of spouses had a psychiatric disorder. Primarily mood and anxiety disorder was present in 22% and 9% of subjects respectively. Highly significant difference existed between cases and controls in terms of marital satisfaction (p = 0.0001) and quality of life (p≤0.05) indicating low marital satisfaction and poor quality of life in spouses of opioid dependent individuals.Conclusions: Psychological distress and psychiatric morbidity in spouses of opioid dependent men is high, with poor quality of marital life and marital satisfaction being low. Hence, interventions that aim at allaying their distress and improving their mental health can improve the condition of the substance user and contribute to a better outcome of substance abuse treatment.

The most pressing personnel concerns for most firms today are the lack of qualified people, the ongoing competition for talent, and the retention of the most valued employees. HR marketing may be of great assistance in these areas. Human resource management officers try to maintain their firm's name in the eyes of all stakeholders, drawing their awareness to the company's advantages as a workplace and, in this manner, winning by delivering the best personnel. Several scholars have recently been interested in the concept of brand loyalty. In the contemporary corporate environment, employer branding has become more significant to gain a competitive edge and value addition for all firms. Businesses now acknowledge employer branding as a critical tactic for attracting and retaining qualified workers. This study aims to get a more profound knowledge of employer branding by analyzing employee engagement, retention, and satisfaction as outcomes of employer branding.

Knowledge management efforts and their effects in terms of performance, productivity, and decision making are the focus of this PhD dissertation, which aims to conduct a detailed examination of the criteria for measuring these projects. The purpose of this survey-based study is to investigate the connection between knowledge management efforts inside a public service organization and the efficiency with which e-governance tasks are carried out. Knowledge management projects were evaluated based on their ability to capture, create, share, and use knowledge; the quality of knowledge processes; the extent to which knowledge was acquired, converted, protected, and applied; and the quality of knowledge functions; all of which were treated as independent variables. The effectiveness, efficiency, and swiftness of E-Government decisions were quantified. To analyze how various knowledge management efforts affect the efficiency of e-governance, a model was created. It was decreed that government agencies should ensure that their Knowledge Management projects don't impede the seamless operation of their e-governance operations.