resuMo a compactação do solo tem sido apontada como um dos principais fatores responsáveis pela redução da produtividade de diversas culturas agrícolas. a utilização dos modelos de capacidade de suporte de carga para auxiliar na prevenção ou na identificação de manejos mais resistentes ou suscetíveis à compactação dos solos é um método testado e consolidado. este estudo foi realizado com os seguintes objetivos: gerar modelos de capacidade de suporte de carga para os diferentes usos e manejos de um latossolo Vermelho-amarelo; e identificar, por meio do uso desses modelos, o uso ou manejo mais suscetível e mais resistente à compactação. o estudo foi conduzido no município de passos, Mg. foram avaliados sete usos e manejos no solo em estudo, sendo eles: pastagem irrigada antes e após o pisoteio animal, pastagens não irrigadas antes e após o pisoteio animal, corredor de acesso aos piquetes, plantio direto de milho e mata nativa. as amostras indeformadas, coletadas na camada de 0 a 5 cm, foram submetidas ao ensaio de compressão uniaxial. os modelos de capacidade de
O Cerrado brasileiro é o segundo maior bioma do Brasil, e se espalha por oito Estados diferentes, o que desempenha um papel crucial na questão dos recursos hídricos. A região do estudo da pesquisa é uma área remanescente de 130 mil hectares de Cerrado, que desde 1972 vem passando por constantes problemas fundiários em decorrência da tentativa ineficiente do Governo Brasileiro de implantar uma Unidade de Conservação na área. Enquanto esse processo se desenrola de forma precária e sem perspectivas de finalização, a área vem sofrendo prejuízos ambientais, tendo em vista que não existe proteção e nem diretrizes para a sua conservação. Um dos segmentos econômicos que mais tem prosperado na região é o Ecoturismo, que é uma eficaz ferramenta para a educação ambiental, contribui para a conservação do patrimônio ambiental e cultural das localidades, pois o meio ambiente preservado passa a ser entendido como a fonte de renda para as comunidades locais. O objetivo do trabalho foi criar e adequar nesta área uma rota ecoturística de trekking para envolver os empreendimentos turísticos existentes, ligando-os através de um caminho ecológico composto por trilhas, na área ainda não regularizada do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra no município de São João Batista do Glória-MG. Para isso, foram percorridos os caminhos já existentes, mapeando as trilhas já abertas que poderiam ser utilizadas; apresentando os tempos necessários de cada percurso divididos por trechos; as severidades das condições dos terrenos visando implantar a Norma Técnica ABNT NBR 15505-2: Turismo com atividades de caminhada; norma esta sugerida pelo Ministério do Turismo e Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Turismo de Aventura – ABETA. A criação e a classificação da rota de trekking e a disponibilização dos dados de GPS proporciona segurança para quem pretende se aventurar nas trilhas e tende a impulsionar o turismo, inserindo o pólo ecoturístico de São João Batista do Glória no roll de destinos turísticos providos de trilhas adequadas ao trekking. Outro benefício será o aumento da demanda por guias de turismo locais, profissionalizando o turismo na região de estudo. Os resultados serão decisivos para a adequação do produto turístico, gerando qualidade da visitação, maior facilidade na comercialização dos roteiros, culminando em mais desenvolvimento econômico e sustentável para a região. Development and application of a hiking trail an area of Serra da Canastra National Park ABSTRACT The Brazilian Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil, and spreads over eight different States, which plays a crucial role in the issue of water resources. The object of study is the remainder area of 200,000 hectares of Cerrado biome in the National Park of Serra da Canastra, a zone that has been under land disputes since 1972 as a result of the Brazilian Government’s inefficiency to implement a conservation unit covering the whole area. While this situation persists with no solution in sight, the area suffers environmental damage aggravated by the absence of protective measures and guidelines for conservation. Ecotourism is one of the most successful business activities carried out in the region and can function as an effective tool for environmental education and conservation of local natural resources and cultural heritage. It enables local communities to benefit financially from preserved natural resources, providing incentives for conservation. The objective is to create and tailor this area an ecotourism hiking trails to engage existing ecotourism businesses by linking them through an ecological path composed of trails in the area have not regularized in the Serra da Canastra National Park in São João Batista do Glória –MG. To this, they were covered existing paths, since mapping the open tracks that could be used; presenting the necessary times for each route divided into sections; the severities of the land conditions in order to implement the Technical Standard NBR 15505-2 Holidays with hiking activities; this standard suggested by the Ministry of Tourism and the Brazilian Association of Adventure Tourism Companies – ABETA. The creation and classification of the hiking trails and the availability of GPS data provides security for those who want to venture out on the trails and tends to boost tourism by entering the ecotourism hub of São João Batista do Glória in the roll of tourist destinations provided tracks suitable for hiking. Another benefit is the increased demand for local tour guides, more professional and aware tourism in the study area. The results will be decisive for the adequacy of the tourism product, generating quality visitors, greater ease in marketing scripts, resulting in more economic development to the region, sustainably. KEYWORDS: Cerrado; Ecotourism; NBR 15505-2; Serra da Canastra National Park; Hiking.
ObjectiveThis study aimed at identifying associations between the participation of transfusion services in immunohematology external quality control programs and their accuracy in immunohematology testing and adaptation to technical and legal operational procedures.MethodsFrom 2007 to 2009, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 219 transfusion services of the State of Minas Gerais who participated in this investigation by responding to a questionnaire and conducting a proficiency test comprising: ABO and RhD phenotyping, irregular RBC antibody screening and cross-matching. Frequencies and bivariate analysis followed by binary logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.ResultsTransfusion services who participated in external quality control programs (32.4%) and those that did not (67.6%) obtained worrying error percentages in proficiency tests which may significantly increase blood transfusion risks. Shortfalls related to the establishment of protocols, standards and internal quality control were also significant. On comparing the two groups, transfusion services that participated in these programs had a 2.35 times higher chance of correct results in the proficiency panel testing, a 3.16 higher chance of having transfusional records and a 2.81 higher chance of performing preventive maintenance of equipment.ConclusionThe study showed that independent factors associated to participation in external quality control programs suggest that more investment in internal quality control procedures is necessary and that more attention should be paid to current legislation.
Pasture productivity can drop due to soil compaction caused by animal trampling. Physical and mechanical alterations are therefore extremely important indicators for pasture management. The objective of this research was to: draw and evaluate the Mohr failure line of a Red Yellow Latossol under different pasture cycles and natural forest; calculate apparent cohesion; observe possible physical alterations in this soil; and propose a correction factor for stocking rates based on shear strength properties. This study was conducted between March/2006 and March/2007 on the Experimental Farm of Fundação de Ensino Superior de Passos, in Passos, state of Minas Gerais. The total study area covered 6 ha, of which 2 ha were irrigated pasture, 2 ha non-irrigated pasture and 2 ha natural forest. Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG-5 Vitória was used as forage plant. The pasture area was divided into paddocks. The Mohr failure line of samples of a Red Yellow Latossol under irrigated pasture equilibrated at a tension of water content of 6 kPa indicated higher shear strength than under non-irrigated pasture. The shear strength under irrigated pasture and natural forest was higher than under non-irrigated pasture. At a tension of water content of 33 kPa no difference was found in shear strength between management and use. Possible changes in soil structure were caused by apparent cohesion. The values of the correction factor were close to 1, which may indicate a possible soil compaction in prolonged periods of management.
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