This research belongs to the type of development research, which consists of the main stages, including preliminary design and formative evaluation. This study aims to obtain valid and practical PISA-type development questions consisting of initial design, self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one, and small group. The emergence of this research is due to the low mathematical literacy of students in Indonesia. This study took a particular research subject for grade IX junior high school students in Palembang City. From this study, the results obtained include the development of PISA-type questions and activities using the context of social distancing during the pandemic.
This study aims to produce valid and practical PISA-based numerical problems in the context of the pandemic period and to find out the role of the questions in the form of potential effects on the mathematical literacy skills of secondary school students. This research uses developmental research design, which has 2 stages, namely preliminary and formative evaluation (self evaluation, expert review, one-to-one and small group validation, and field test). The participants in this study were students in Grade 8 who were under the age of 15 and different levels of skills. Data analysis was done descriptively by conducting observations, tests, interviews, and document analysis. The research was conducted face-to-face and via Zoom and WhatsApp Group (WAG) to produce valid and practical PISA-like arithmetic questions. Based on the students' responses, it can be stated that the questions presented are in the practical category because they can be completed quickly by students, they can be understood well by students, and they have the potential effect on students' mathematical literacy skills. In addition, there is a diversity of answers between one students and another according to the level of difficulty that is appropriate for Grade 8 students. This proves that a PISA-like numeration problem in the context of the religious day during a pandemic can help improve students' mathematical literacy.
Research and development of a module for reading explanatory texts based on inquiry methods and PISA standardized questions has been carried out in class VIII SMP N 52 Palembang. This study aimed to produce reading modules that suit the needs of teachers and students. The research method used was development research with the steps of research on the development of the Jolly and Bolitho and Dick, Carey Carey models which include identification of needs, exploration of material needs, contextual realization, production of materials, expert validation, one to one evaluation, small group and field tests. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, validation sheets, and tests. The results showed that the feasibility aspect of content and presentation obtained a percentage of 84% in the very good category, linguistic feasibility obtained a percentage of 90% and was categorized as very good, graphics obtained a percentage of 76% in the good category, validation questions received a percentage of 85% in the very good category. Practicality in the one-to-one evaluation stage and the small group gets a percentage of 80% in the practical category. The effectiveness measured in the field test is 0.49 and is in the medium category. Thus, the product in the form of a module for reading explanatory texts based on inquiry methods and PISA standardized questions can be used in learning explanatory texts.
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