This study attempted to explore the question whether sex‐determined grammatical gender loading in the native language will have an effect on the development of gender identity. The empirical question asked was, Will there be a relationship between the amount of linguistic emphasis on sex‐determined gender and the average age of attaining gender identity in children, in a specific language environment? Three groups of children, one in Israel, one in the USA, and one in Finland, were tested on the Michigan Gender Identity Test (MIGIT). The findings indicate a direct relationship between gender loading in the native language and gender identity attainment. It appears that the Israeli children have a significant, albeit temporary, advantage over their American and Finnish counterparts in the timing of gender development.

According to the Finnish Psychological Association (Dufva, Huttunen, Harsila, Kauppinen & Kentala, 1979), the Rorschach is, in Finland as in the U.S. (Piotrowski, 1984;Ritzier & Del Gaudio, 1976;Weiner, 1983), the personality test most used in psycho diagnostic assessment, with the Wartegg in second place. This holds true for hospitals, mental health clinics, psychiatric clinics, child guidance centers and university student health services. Psychological consultants also use it in making personnel decisions. The Rorschach usually forms part of a test battery that may also include the WAIS or WISC, drawing tests, a picture story method (CAT, TAT, ORT, or revised Finnish version of the Shneidman MAPS) and objective personality tests. The Rorschach's pre-eminence is remarkable in view of negative attitudes encountered in academic circles, and the resultant fact that a degree in psychology by no means entails competence in projective testing. In the opinion of Finnish Rorschach pioneer Aarre Tuompo (1947), it was necessary for a Finn who wanted to master the Rorschach to travel to Switzerland. Not until 1968 was an annual course devoted entirely to the Rorschach included in the curriculum of a Finnish university Qyvaskyla), and it remains the only one.To augment their inadequate formal schooling, Finnish clinical psychologists have shown persistent initiative in organizing basic Rorschach courses and advanced seminars throughout the country. In 1971, Stephen A. Appelbaum of the Menninger Clinic was invited to hold an intensive Rorschach course. In the 1980's, Rorschach summer courses were held at Oulu University's biological research stations at the lighthouse on Hailuoto island and near the waterfalls in Oulanka National 105 This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.

Recently, anorexia nervosa has been referred to as the "Peter Pan syndrome,"a metaphor based on the theme of not growing up. Beside the fact that Peter Pan was a "boy who would not grow up," another parallelism with anorexia nervosa may lie within the creator himself. We discuss the possibility that lames M . Barrie, author of "Peter Pan," might have been himself anorexic in childhood and adolescence.The appelation "Peter Pan syndrome" has recently been popularized as metaphor for "men who have never grown up," i.e., who have reached adult age but are unable to face adult feelings and responsibilities (Kiley, 1983). In a more specific sense, the term "Peter Pan syndrome" has been used to characterize anorexia nervosa patients whose fear of growing into adulthood has often been described as a central psychological feature: Mirkin (1983) coined, or recoined, this term independently; Finnish psychiatrists (Ihalainen, 1973;Laajus, 1979) had long used it without being able to recall where they had first heard it, and diligent search of the literature had not so far enabled us to locate the originator. "The boy who would not grow up" is the subtitle of the famous drama "Peter Pan"

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