A simple metal free alternative procedure for Ullmann type C−N coupling reactions has been achieved by allowing substituted bromo/chloro anthraquinones to react with a variety of amines in the presence of Choline hydroxide (ChOH). This reaction is also extended towards synthesis of commercially available Acid Blue 25 dye. Good to excellent yields (78‐95%) of N‐aryl anthraquinone products were obtained under mild conditions in reduced reaction time. This reaction is driven by SNAr mechanistic pathway, moreover compared to conventional methods, no metal catalyst is required, ChOH is an environmentally benign, cheaper catalyst recyclable up to five runs without remarkable loss of activity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.