Introduction: Being ignorant or unaware is not expected in a situation like the pandemic of COVID-19 with modern internet connectivity and the era of social media. However, information overload may itself lead to health anxiety.Aims and objectives: This study investigated the predictability of health anxiety with information overload and sociodemographic profiles during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 400 caretakers of non-covid patients in a tertiary healthcare medical college. The consenting participants provided their sociodemographic details and responded to the short health anxiety inventory (SHAI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) and Information overload scale (IOS) for COVID-19.Results: A total number of 400 participants aged 35.58 ± 10.57 years participated and out of which 88.2% acknowledged health-related anxiety and 56.8% for excessive use of social media. BAI measured anxiety was mild for 19.8%, moderate for 3.5% and severe for 3%. The linear regression analysis predicted health anxiety by three variables only: total anxiety as measured by the Beck anxiety inventory [β = 0.416, t = 9.318, p = 0.000], information overload (rejection of information) [β = 0.171, t = 3.126, p = 0.002], and excessive use of social media [β = 0.124, t = 2.888, p = 0.004]. Conclusion: Information overload, its rejection and excessive use of social media were found to be predictive of health-related anxiety.
A lipase/amylase (L/A) ratio of more than three may be a tool for differentiating alcoholic pancreatitis from non-alcoholic pancreatitis. We conducted a systematic literature review to identify published studies. A thorough data search of various databases was conducted using keywords. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 survey. Data were extracted under the following headings: country, sample size, baseline characteristics, specificity, and sensitivity of the L/A ratio. Studies were analyzed using a bivariate random-effects model, and the sensitivity and specificity of the L/A ratio were pooled separately. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were plotted using the hierarchical method. A total of nine studies with 1,825 patients were identified for inclusion. SROC showed estimates of the area under the curve to be 0.75 (confidence interval (CI) = 0.71-0.79). Forest plots for sensitivity and specificity showed pooled estimates of sensitivity to be 74% (95% CI = 62-83%) while that of specificity was 63% (95% CI = 47-77%). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was estimated to be 5 (95% CI = 3-9), the pooled positive likelihood ratio was estimated at 2.0, and the pooled negative likelihood ratio was estimated to be 0.41. We concluded that an L/A ratio of more than 3 has moderate accuracy for the diagnosis of alcoholic pancreatitis.
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