Multiple approaches should be offered to older persons with memory complaints. The availability of diverse options would help fit the needs of a heterogeneous population. An educational media effort to promote the public's understanding of the efficacy of these multiple approaches is needed.

Introduction:The prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescents is globally on the rise. This study examined how general and cyber-specific parenting styles impact the prevalence of young adolescents' involvement in cyberbullying as victims and/or perpetrators.Methods: One hundred and eighty 7th and 8th-grade Israeli students participated (Mean age = 13.25, SD = 0.81; 86 males, 89 females, 5 did not indicate gender). Adolescents reported the frequency of their involvement in cyberbullying, and whether their parents were using "autonomy-supportive" or "psychologically controlling" strategies generally and specifically when mediating internet use.Results: A controlling parenting-style as well as an inconsistent internet-mediation style were associated with a higher prevalence of adolescent involvement in cyberbullying as victims and as perpetrators. Prevalence was higher when parents who generally use a controlling style were less controlling or consistent when mediating internet use. Conclusion:Despite the caveats related to parental control, parents who generally use a controlling style should consistently use this style while mediating cyber. Inconsistent parenting style conveys messages concerning internet activities that contradict what teens are accustomed to receiving in other contexts. This inconsistency may encourage them to exploit their relative freedom in the cyber context and act irresponsibly.The prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescents is globally on the rise (Navarro, Yubero & Larrañaga, 2016). Whether the term used is "cyberbullying", "cyberstalking", "online aggression",o r"cyber-harassment", increased research attention has been directed towards this form of repeated, intentional, harmful behavior inflicted via media such as instant messaging, text messaging and website postings (Aboujaoude, Savage, Starcevic, & Salame, 2015).A meta-analysis of studies conducted on middle and high school students in the USA (Selkie, Fales, & Moreno, 2016) indicated that reported cyber-bully perpetration in a year was up 41%, and 40.6% reported being cyber victims. Similarly, in Israel over 27% of all students reported being cyber victims, 17% reported bullying others, and 46% reported that they had witnessed cyberbullying (Heiman, Olenik-Shemesh, & Eden, 2014).Studies show that involvement in cyberbullying as either a victim (

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Extracellular nucleotides acting via P2 receptors play important roles in cardiovascular physiology/pathophysiology. Pyrimidine nucleotides activate four G protein-coupled P2Y receptors (P2YRs): P2Y 2 and P2Y 4 (UTP-activated), P2Y 6 , and P2Y 14 . Previously, we showed that uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) activating P2Y 2 R reduced infarct size and improved mouse heart function after myocardial infarct (MI). Here, we examined the cardioprotective role of P2Y 2 R in vitro and in vivo following MI using uridine-5′-tetraphosphate δ-phenyl ester tetrasodium salt (MRS2768), a selective and more stable P2Y 2 R agonist. Cultured rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with MRS2768 displayed protection from hypoxia [as revealed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and propidium iodide (PI) binding], which was reduced by P2Y 2 R antagonist, AR-C118925 (5-((5-(2,8-dimethyl-5H-dibenzo [a,d][7]annulen-5-yl)-2-oxo-4-thioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)methyl)-N-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)furan-2-carboxamide). In vivo, echocardiography and infarct size staining of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) in 3 groups of mice 24 h post-MI: sham, MI, and MI+MRS2768 indicated protection. Fractional shortening (FS) was higher in MRS2768-treated mice than in MI alone (40.0±3.1 % vs. 33.4±2.7 %, p < 0.001). Troponin T and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) measurements demonstrated that MRS2768 pretreatment reduced myocardial damage (p<0.05) and c-Jun phosphorylation increased. Thus, P2Y 2 R activation protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia in vitro and reduces post-ischemic myocardial damage in vivo.