No abstract

A few kinds of thermoresponsive diblock copolymers have been synthesized and utilized for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions in water. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) and poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm) are employed for thermoresponsive segments and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSSNa) and poly(sodium 2-acrylamido-methylpropanesulfonate) (PAMPSNa) are employed for hydrophilic segments. Palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck reactions are performed in water and the efficiency of the extraction process is studied. More efficient extraction was observed for the PDEAAm copolymers when compared with the PNIPAAm copolymers and conventional surfactants. In the study of the Sonogashira coupling reactions in water, aggregative precipitation of the products was observed. Washing the precipitate with water gave the product with satisfactory purity with a good yield.

Background: Various physical and mental sequelae reduce the quality of life (QOL) of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Current guidelines recommend multi-angular approaches to prevent these sequelae. Some studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of rehabilitation or the ICU diary against these sequelae, whereas others have not. Aim:The aims of the present study were to establish whether rehabilitation or the ICU diary was useful for reducing the severity of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in ICU patients. We also investigated whether these interventions improved the QOL of these patients. Study design:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant ran-