There were regional differences in prevalence of oesophageal atresia in Europe. Half of all cases had associated anomalies. Prenatal detection rate increased from 26% to 36.5% over the two decades. Survival in infants with isolated oesophageal atresia born at term is high.

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The present study demonstrated significantly decreased pulmonary characteristics in EA patients. Restrictive ventilatory impairment occurring in EA is probably due to poor lung growth after thoracotomy. No single factor predicted ventilatory impairment in children and adolescents with EA. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:98-106. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Background: Several surgical procedures have been described in the reconstruction of long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA). We reviewed the surgical methods used in children with LGEA in the Nordic countries over a 15-year period and the postoperative complications within the first postoperative year. Methods: Retrospective multicenter medical record review of all children born with Gross type A or B esophageal atresia between 01/01/2000 and 12/31/2014 reconstructed within their first year of life. Results: We included 71 children; 56 had Gross type A and 15 type B LGEA. Delayed primary anastomosis (DPA) was performed in 52.1% and an esophageal replacement procedure in 47.9%. Gastric pull-up (GPU) was the most frequent procedure (25.4%). The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities, congenital heart defects and other anomalies was significantly higher in patients who had a replacement procedure. The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) was significantly higher after DPA compared to esophageal replacement (p = 0.013). At 1year follow-up the mean body weight was higher after DPA than after organ interposition (p = 0.043). Conclusion: DPA and esophageal replacement procedures were equally applied. Postoperative complications and follow-up were similar except for the development of GER and the body weight at 1-year follow-up. Long-term results should be investigated.

were administered surfactant, and 30% received antibiotic therapy. The risks of neonatal diseases increased with decreasing GA, with odds ratios ranging from 2.1 to 23. Low birth weight for GA was more common at lower GA and was associated with increased risks for morbidity. Conclusions:Despite general advances in perinatal care, moderately preterm infants still face substantially increased risks for neonatal diseases, and these risks increase linearly as GA decreases. Whereas neonatal morbidity was similar to results of previous reports, management of respiratory problems was found to differ markedly from other studies. INCREASED RISK OF CEREBRAL MRI PATHOLOGY AND NEUROIMPAIRMENTS IN ADOLESCENTS BORN AS LATE PRETERMS WITH VERY-LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT (VLBW)K