AbstrakSalah satu pemanfaatan energi surya adalah mengkonversi energi termalnya menjadi energi listrik. Konvertor yang digunakan adalah generator termoelektrik. Panas matahari diterima sisi panas termoelektrik melalui penyerap panas, sedangkan sisi dinginnya dilekatkan sistem pendingin aktif dengan fluida air. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendapatkan daya luaran semaksimal mungkin dari sistem generator termoelektrik yang mengkonversi energi termal surya menjadi energi listrik pada model bangunan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental, yang didahului dengan perancangan dan pembuatan alat penelitian. Alat penelitian berbentuk sistem generator yang diletakkan di atap model bangunan. Sistem generator terdiri dari penyerap panas aluminium, termoelektrik yang terdiri dari 15 set, dan sistem pendingin yang menggunakan fluida air bersirkulasi. Pengujian terhadap sistem dengan cara mengoperasikannya sambil melakukan pengamatan dan pengambilan data. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah susunan sambungan generator termoelektrik (seri dan paralel). Sementara data masukan adalah kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, temperatur, dan aliran alir; sedangkan data luaran adalah tegangan listrik dan arus listrik. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa dengan perbedaan temperatur 12,8oC menghasilkan daya maksimum sebesar 2,214 watt dari susunan seri sambungan termolektrik. Sementara dengan perbedaan temperatur 15,4oC mendapatkan daya maksimum sebesar 0.101 watt dari susunan paralel sambungan termoelektrik. Kata kunci: energi, surya, termoelektrik, atap, daya AbstractOne of the uses of solar energy is converting its thermal energy into electrical energy. The converter used is a thermoelectric generator. The sun's heat is received by the thermoelectric hot side through the heat sink, while the cold side is attached by an active cooling system with water fluid. This study aims to obtain the maximum possible output power from a thermoelectric generator system that converts solar thermal energy into electrical energy in the building model. The research method used is experimental, which is preceded by the design and manufacture of research tools. The research tool is in the form of a generator system that is placed on the roof of the building model. The generator system consists of an aluminum heat sink, a thermoelectric consisting of 15 sets, and a cooling system that uses circulating water fluid. Testing the system by operating it while observing and collecting data. The variable in this research is the connection arrangement of the thermoelectric generator (series and parallel). While the input data are humidity, wind speed, temperature, and flow flow; while the output data is electric voltage and electric current. The results showed that with a temperature difference of 12.8°C the maximum power was 2,214 watts from the series arrangement of the thermoelectric junction. Meanwhile, with a temperature difference of 15.4°C, the maximum power is 0.101 watts from the parallel arrangement of the thermoelectric connection. Keywords: energy, solar, thermoelectric, roof, power
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh koefisien kehilangan panas keseluruhan terhadap hasil output yang terjadi pada solar still. Penelitian ini menggunakan material stainless still tebal 1,6 mm dan kaca penutup tebal 3mm dengan kemiringan terhadap alat solar still 30 ̊. Pengujian dilakukan mulai pukul 08.00 WIB sampai 17.00 WIB selama 3 hari, dengan beberapa parameter yang di ukur seperti suhu kaca bawah (Tgi), suhu air (Tw), kecepatan angin (v), intensitas radiasi matahari (I(t)s) yang terdapat dalam sistem alat solar still. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan overall heat loss coefficient tertinggi yaitu sebesar 50,7 W/m2.K.. Semakin tinggi coefficient top heat loss sangat mempengaruhi coefficient heat loss overall sehingga hasil output tidak mengalami kenaikan.
This research was conducted to utilize waste heat energy zinc roof for a revamped into a source of electrical energy. Waste heat utilization of zinc using thermoelectric generator type of TEC-12706 to convert thermal energy into electrical energy and the fan with speed 5 m/s to hold a low temperature in a cold area of heatsink. This research was conducted using a test simulation tool made by zinc, aluminum and acrilic. Waste heat utilization of testing zinc roof done starting at 09.00 WIB until 15.00 WIB for 3 days, with some measured parameters required as the intensity of solar radiation (Es), airspeed (v), current (I), power (W) and temperature (T) some of which are found in the system tools of simulation testing. From the results of testing performed, the value of the highest efficiency i.e. of 0,00888% and the largest electrical power generated in the amount of 0,0042 W. A high intensity of the solar radiation it will affect the temperature of the environment which will also have an effect on the temperature in the cold area of heatsink, then the value of the temperature difference will also be affected. Heat resistance value on the system also affects the value of the waste heat energy can be changed into electrical energy.
Teknologi yang digunakan perusahaan bahan pangan dalam mengisi cairan ke dalam botol dengan menggunakan mesin filling. Mesin tersebut berfungsi sebagai alat bantu mengisi cairan kedalam botol sehingga memudahkan pekerja dalam hal pengisian. Mesin filling adalah mesin yang digunakan untuk mengisi produk berupa cairan atau liquid. Mesin ini digunakan untuk mengisi cairan ke dalam botol kemasan plastik yang berupa sirup, kecap, minyak sayur dan sambal. Seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan terhadap bahan pangan dengan kemasan pun meningkat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dibutuhkan pengembangan mesin filling cairan untuk mempersingkat waktu produktivitas pengisian.
Water is a basic human need that must be fulfilled. The need for clean water is increasing while the availability of clean water is limited, so researchers are trying to use sea water as raw material for fresh water. Sea water is an abundant source of water but still contains salt, therefore it is necessary to separate sea water and its salt content to produce fresh water or desalination, one way is to use solar stil. Solar stills are mostly used for desalination processes on the coast and remote area because they can be operated easily and can be manufactured at low cost. However, solar still has low productivity, so various studies have been carried out to increase desalination yields, such as the addition of a condenser. Aim of this study was to determine the thermal efficiency and effectiveness of the condenser on solar stills. The research was conducted in period March - May 2021. The materials used are aluminum with a length of 300 mm, a width of 300 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm for the basin plate, double glass with a thickness of 3 mm for the top and sides of the solar still. The study was conducted indoor with radiation intensity using halogen lamps. The variables measured were water temperature, evaporation, inner glass surface, condenser, inlet and outlet of the condenser cooler using a fluke meter, radiation intensity using a solar power meter and desalinated water using a digital balance. From the results of the study, the average thermal efficiency of the condenser in the integrated solar still reached 83.94% and the desalination mass of seawater reached 451.32 grams with the effectiveness of condenser production of 96.4% and the correlation value of 0.99.
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