Considering the role of phenolics in plant defensive strategies, some cotton varieties with varied degree of insect resistance and susceptibility were analyzed through HPLC for their phenolic content. Out of 15 major peaks, 9 were identified as galic acid, protochatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, p.hydroxy benzoic acid, syringic acid, p.coumaric acid, gentisic acid, benzoic acid and ferulic acid. Major quantitative differences were seen for syringic and ferulic acids being significantly higher in resistant variety Ravi and present only in traces in more susceptible varieties, NIAB-26N and S-12. Individual effect of some phenolic acids on growth and survival of cotton bollworm also showed extreme retardation of larval weight (99.42% to 99.71%),100% mortality( in 1st week) and no pupation in diet incorporated with these two acids syringic and ferulic acids. p-hydroxy benzoate, chlorogenic, sinapic and cinnamic acids showed 45 to 80% retarded weights, 16 to 33% mortality in 1 st week and 61 to 94% mortality in 2nd week and 5 to 40% pupation with 2 to 4 days delay.
In this paper, we present constructions of primitive and non-primitive BCH codes using monoid rings over the local ring [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text]. We show that there exist two sequences [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of non-primitive BCH codes (over [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively) against primitive BCH codes [Formula: see text] of length [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (over [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), respectively. A technique is developed in an innovative way that enables the data path to shift instantaneously during transmission via the coding schemes of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The selection of the schemes is subject to the choice of better code rate or better error-correction capability of the code. Finally, we present a decoding procedure for BCH codes over Galois rings, which is also used for the decoding of BCH codes over Galois fields, based on the modified Berlekamp–Massey algorithm.
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