The high surface area of mesoporous silica SBA-15 has been synthesized successfully by hydrothermal treatment with direct addition of PVA, triblock copolymer (P123) as a direct structure agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a precursor. The mesoporous silica SBA-15 have been characterized with nitrogen physisorption, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Measurement of nitrogen sorption indicated that with the addition of PVA, the surface area is increased but the pore volume and pore diameter is not significantly. The short time of hydrothermal treatment (20 h) and using x-ray diffraction, showed that the morphological structure of silica SBA-15 can be changed to a orthorhombic crystal system. The result of the FTIR and SEM-EDX characteristic indicated the functional groups and morphology of the SBA-15 with a narrow pore size distribution. The BET method has exhibited the largest surface area 1726 m2/g, pore volume 1.4 cm3/g, and pore diameter 3.2 nm. It can be suggested that the silica mesoporous SBA-15 will have potential application prospect in catalysis, storage, and adsorbent.
The purpose of this study was synthesizing mesoporous silica SBA-15 and investigated the effect of the initial temperature of the preparation surfactant using the hydrothermal process to synthesize silica SBA-15. Pluronic (P123) as surfactant template and TEOS as material precursor acted as a building block of the mesoporous silica material. Therefore, the interaction surfactant template and precursor during the hydrothermal process guided to silica SBA-15 properties. The results suggested that the physicochemical properties of these materials did not change significantly, but different condition temperature of surfactant and hydrothermal process affected the size of the specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution. The largest specific surface area was 560 m 2 g -1 , pore volume was 1.57 m 3 g -1 and ordered pore size distribution around 11.24 nm after the initial temperature of the surfactant at 15 o C and hydrothermal process at 100 o C for 48 h. This resulted properties of SBA-15 are potentially applicable in various chemical and non-chemical based industries.
AbstrakLimbah zat warna methylene blue (MB) merupakan polutan organik dari industri kimia. Parameter kandungan zat warna MB yang diizinkan dalam bentuk methylene blue active substance (MBAS) tidak melebihi 200 µg/L. Sistem pengolahan limbah zat warna MB dapat dilakukan melalui proses adsorpsi menggunakan nanopartikel TiO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis nanopartikel TiO2 menggunakan surfaktan polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan titanium tetraisopropoksida (TTIP) sebagai prekursor melalui proses sol-gel yang diikuti proses hidrotermal pada suhu kalsinasi 400 dan 600 o C. Hasil karakteristik spektrum X-ray diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bentuk kristal tetragonal, fase anatase, dan ukuran partikel sekitar 1,66-3,15 nm. Spektroskopi infrared membuktikan adanya ikatan gugus Ti-O pada spektrum 467 cm -1 dan adanya gugus hidroksil pada permukaan TiO2. Analisis differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) menunjukkan kestabilan termal TiO2 pada suhu 250 o C. Aplikasi nanopartikel TiO2 sebagai adsorben MB dilakukan melalui proses fotodegradasi menggunakan lampu Hg 150 watt selama 60 menit. Kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar diperoleh pada sampel TiO2 yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 600 o C sebesar 217 mg/g dan daya adsorpsi 81%. Proses adsorpsi MB menggunakan nanopartikel TiO2 dapat mengikuti persamaan isoterm Langmuir dan Freundlich dengan nilai koefisien determinasi, R 2 mendekati nilai 1.Kata kunci: nanopartikel, TiO2, methylene blue, proses adsorpsi, limbah zat warna AbstractMethylene blue (MB) dye waste is organic pollutant from the chemical industry. The parameters of the MB dye content that are permitted in the form of methylene blue active substance (MBAS) do not exceed 200 µg/L. The MB dye waste treatment system can be carried out through the adsorption process using TiO2 nanoparticles. This study aims to synthesize TiO2 nanoparticles using PVA as surfactant and titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as precursors through a sol-gel process followed by a hydrothermal process at 400 and 600 o C calcination temperatures. The results of the XRD spectrum characteristics show tetragonal crystal shape, anatase phase, and particle size around 1.66-3.15 nm. IR (infrared) spectroscopy proves the existence of Ti-O group bonds in the spectrum of 467 cm -1 and the presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of TiO2. DSC analysis shows the thermal stability of TiO2 at 250 o C. The application of TiO2 nanoparticles as MB adsorbents was carried out through photodegradation using 150 watt Hg lamps for 60 minutes. The largest adsorption capacity was obtained from the calcined TiO2 samples at 600 o C at 217 mg/g and 81% adsorption capacity. The adsorption process of MB by TiO2 nanoparticles follow the equation of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with the coefficient of determination, R 2 close to the value of 1
Ultrasound technology has been used in extracting the antioxidant reserves the Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas L.). Total Phenolic Content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau method and Antioxidant Activity was measured using the DPPH method. The extract was also characterized using FTIR. The best results were obtained with the Total Phenolic Content of 51.167 ± 0.2887 mg/g in GAE and value of IC50 of 26.7861 mg/L at the extraction temperature of 50° C. These results indicate that the purple sweet potato can be used as an immune system booster foods.
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