Shah et al.: Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles of Digera muricata The current research work was about a suitable eco-friendly process to produce gold nanoparticles using ethanol extract of Digera muricata. Completion of synthesis, size and morphology of nanoparticles and various functional groups present were confirmed using various techniques. Formation and physical appearance of gold nanoparticles was confirmed through the presence of dark purple colour. Ultraviolet/ Vis spectra give a sharp narrow peak at the λmax specified for gold nanoparticle. Scanning electron microscopy indicated nanoparticles were spherical in shape, fully dispersed in reaction medium with 40±5 nm size. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that synthesized nanoparticles were crystalline with an average particle size of 33 nm. The presence of bio-organic compound was detected by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Antibacterial potential of the synthesized gold nanoparticles of Digera muricata extract was evaluated in comparison to crude ethanol extract. The gold nanoparticles exhibited greater antibacterial potential as compared to crude ethanol extract of Digera muricata against different drug-resistant bacteria including Vibrio cholera, Staphylococcus pyrogen, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Enterobacter. The results indicated that the gold nanoparticles could be used as a promising antibacterial agents
Aim In this study, we utilized a micelle-clay complex composed of the surfactant octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and montmorillonite clay and evaluated its antibacterial effects. Methods Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Micrococcus luteus, bactericidal assays were performed to determine the effects of ODTMA-clay complex on the viability of bacterial pathogen at various doses and different intervals of time. Cytotoxicity assays were performed to investigate ODTMA-clay complex effects on human cells, as determined by release of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase. ResultsThe results revealed that ODTMA-clay complex abolished bacterial viability at 100 lg/mL within 45 min against P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, and M. luteus. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that ODTMA-clay complex exhibited minimal toxicity of the human cells. Conclusion Rapid and potent antibacterial effects of ODTMA micelle-clay complex were observed in vitro; however, research is needed to determine precise formulation of contact lens disinfectants comprising ODTMA micelle-clay complex. Additionally, studies should be conducted using in vivo models of keratitis, progressing to pre-clinical and clinical trials. ODTMA micelle-clay complex is an ideal candidate to be incorporated in a novel contact lens disinfectant given the cost-effectiveness and ease of application and can be incorporated as an effective preventative strategy.
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