AbstrakPendahuluan : Tuli mendadak merupakan salah satu kegawatdaruratan di bagian telinga hidung tenggorok bedah kepala dan leher (THT-KL). Tuli mendadak atau sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) adalah tuli sensorineural lebih dari 30 dB pada 3 frekuensi berturut turut secara mendadak dalam waktu 3 hari. Etiologi tuli mendadak hingga saat ini belum diketahui dengan pasti, namun penyebab tersering tuli mendadak, yaitu idiopatik (71%). Penatalaksanaan tuli mendadak meliputi terapi konservatif, salah satunya dengan pemberian kortikosteroid secara sistemik dan lokal. Pemberian lokal dapat dilakukan dengan cara injeksi langsung intratimpani. Terapi kortikosteroid secara lokal dapat diberikan sebagai terapi primer, terapi adjuvan (kombinasi) dan salvage therapy. Laporan kasus : seorang pasien perempuan berusia 36 tahun dengan diagnosis tuli mendadak pada telinga kanan yang dilakukan salvage therapy dengan penyuntikan deksametason intratimpani sebanyak empat kali secara selang 3 hari setelah gagal dengan terapi sistemik. Kesimpulan : Injeksi kortikosteroid intratimpani digunakan sebagai salvage therapy dapat menjadi pilihan untuk pasien yang gagal diterapi dengan kortikosteroid sistemik. Kata kunci: tuli mendadak; salvage therapy; deksametason; intratimpani AbstractIntroduction: Sudden deafness is one of the emergency in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS). Sudden deafness or sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is sensorineural deafness of more than 30 dB at 3 frequencies within 3 days. The etiology of sudden deafness is recently remain unknown, but the most common cause of deafness is idiopathic (71%). Management of sudden deafness includes conservative therapy, one of which is corticosteroids systemically and locally. Local delivery is done by intratympanic injection. Local corticosteroid therapy can be administered as primary therapy, adjuvant therapy (combination) or salvage therapy. Case report : a female patient aged 36 years old with diagnosis of sudden deafness at right ear which is performed salvage therapy with dexamethasone intratympanic injection four times with interval of 3 days after systemic therapy was failed. Conclusion : corticosteroid intratympanic injection as salvage therapy may be an option for patients who failed therapy with systemic corticosteroids.
BACKGROUND: Facial analysis is influenced by several factors including age, gender, race, body shape, and personality. The anatomical characteristics of Asians are highly varied. The differences of these characteristics have become a reference for several researchers to get the basic value of each individual facial profile from certain regions or countries. AIM: To determine the clinical facial analysis of students from the Minangkabau ethnic group. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design was carried out on 100 students of the Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, ethnic Minangkabau aged 18 to 29 years who met the criteria. Facial analysis using Rhinobase Software, the results obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 RESULTS: This study showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in 8 of 21 facial anthropometric parameters. Those parameters were LFH, SM, Mf-Mf, Al-Al, MCA, NT, tip Powell projection, and mentolabial sulcus. CONCLUSION : The vertical facial assessment revealed that men have a longer lower facial height than women. The horizontal facial assessment found that men have a wider bridge of nose and nostrils than women.
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