WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Given its high rates (14 -24%) and co-occurrence with psychiatric difficulties, nonsuicidal self-injury among youth is worrisome. With more youth using video-sharing Web sites, such as YouTube, nonsuicidal self-injury-themed videos may be normalized and reinforced among youth who self-injure. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Examination of nonsuicidal self-injury material on YouTube revealed favorably and frequently viewed videos that were accessible and graphic and that often were creative, with an informational, melancholic, or hopeless message. The possible impact of this material on viewers is worrisome.abstract OBJECTIVE: Nonsuicidal self-injury, the deliberate destruction of one's body tissue (eg, self-cutting, burning) without suicidal intent, has consistent rates ranging from 14% to 24% among youth and young adults. With more youth using video-sharing Web sites (eg, YouTube), this study examined the accessibility and scope of nonsuicidal self-injury videos online.METHODS: Using YouTube's search engine (and the following key words: "self-injury" and "self-harm"), the 50 most viewed character (ie, with a live individual) and noncharacter videos (100 total) were selected and examined across key quantitative and qualitative variables. RESULTS:The top 100 videos analyzed were viewed over 2 million times, and most (80%) were accessible to a general audience. Viewers rated the videos positively (M ϭ 4.61; SD: 0.61 out of 5.0) and selected videos as a favorite over 12 000 times. The videos' tones were largely factual or educational (53%) or melancholic (51%). Explicit imagery of self-injury was common. Specifically, 90% of noncharacter videos had nonsuicidal self-injury photographs, whereas 28% of character videos had in-action nonsuicidal self-injury. For both, cutting was the most common method. Many videos (58%) do not warn about this content. CONCLUSIONS:The nature of nonsuicidal self-injury videos on YouTube may foster normalization of nonsuicidal self-injury and may reinforce the behavior through regular viewing of nonsuicidal self-injurythemed videos. Graphic videos showing nonsuicidal self-injury are frequently accessed and received positively by viewers. These videos largely provide nonsuicidal self-injury information and/or express a hopeless or melancholic message. Professionals working with youth and young adults who enact nonsuicidal self-injury need to be aware of the scope and nature of nonsuicidal self-injury on YouTube. Pediatrics 2011;127:e552-e557

This study examined the experiences of counsellors in training working with clients who present with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) as a basis for understanding how trainees react to and resolve the challenges presented by difficult counselling cases. A qualitative data analysis using consensual qualitative research . A guide to conducting consensual qualitative research. The Counseling Psychologist, 25, 517-572] was conducted on 12 transcribed interviews of Master's level trainees who had recently worked with at least one client who self-injured. Three general themes were reflected by the data. Specific to NSSI the findings revealed that trainees created an intuitive model of NSSI that reflected some understanding of the phenomenon despite little or no prior exposure to it. With regard to the work involved in these challenging cases, trainees reported a number of personal struggles and tasks that they needed to resolve while trying to be helpful to these clients. These tasks included managing their emotional reactivity and resolving ethical and confidentiality issues. Engaging in these two tasks heightened their feelings of uncertainty yet also focused them to be highly intentional in their work. Whereas supervision often serves novices well when they struggle, participants reported that supervision only partly alleviated the difficulties they faced. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become very prominent among adolescents in middle and high school settings. However, little research has evaluated the role of the school environment in the behaviour. This study examined whether indices of school trust and perceived safety were predictive of NSSI behaviour. Results indicate that these variables allow us to more accurately identify participants who engage in NSSI. Students who report being bullied and threatened, and who have less trust in specific members of school staff are more likely to engage in NSSI.L’automutilation non-suicidaire (AMNS) est devenue un comportement très important parmi les adolescents en milieu scolaire. Cependant, peu de recherches ont évalué le rôle de l’environnement scolaire dans le comportement. Cette étude examine si les indices de confiance et de la perception de sécurité à l’école sont des facteurs prédictifs de l’AMNS. Les résultats indiquent que ces variables nous permettent d’identifier plus précisément les participants qui endossent l’AMNS. Les étudiants qui déclarent être victimes d’intimidation et de menace, et qui ont moins confiance en certains membres du personnel scolaire sont plus susceptibles de dire qu’ils s’engagent dans l’AMNS

Parental involvement in children's learning has been found to influence academic success. However, very few tools exist for measuring parental involvement, particularly ones that target adolescents' self-report. The present study assessed the factor structure, reliability and convergent validity of a new scale to assess adolescents' perceptions of their mothers' and fathers' educational involvement: the Parental Support for Learning Scale: Adolescent Short Form (PSLS-AS). The PSLS-AS, as well as a questionnaire measuring the risk of high school drop-out, was administered to a sample of 825 youth (aged 13-14 years). Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure representing parental involvement: Controlling Involvement and Autonomy Supportive Involvement. Adolescents' perceptions of their parents' involvement correlated with a risk of high school drop-out. Implications and future directions for further validation of the PSLS-AS are discussed.

Positive illusions are systematically inflated self-perceptions of competence, and are frequently seen in areas of great difficulty. Although these illusions have been extensively documented in children and adults, the developmental trajectory remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between positive illusions and depressive symptomatology and school stress in a sample of 78 typically developing adolescents. Adolescents who were achieving slightly below average in math significantly overestimated their performance, but adolescents did not overestimate their performance in spelling. Positive illusions in math, but not in spelling, were negatively related to depressive symptomatology. This relationship was mediated by school stress caused by parental control.Implications for positive illusion theory and development are discussed.