This study shows that aggressive intake of AA and IL can be tolerated immediately after birth by VLBW infants. Also, ETPN significantly increased positive nitrogen balance and caloric intake, without increasing the risk of metabolic acidosis, hypercholesterolemia, or hypertriglyceridemia.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effects of early versus late cord clamping in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN:A total of 32 premature infants were prospectively randomized. The following parameters were measured: Initial spun hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hgb), red blood cell (RBC) counts, frequency of blood transfusions, peak serum bilirubin, mean blood pressure (MBP), oxygen index, intraventricular hemorrhage, and significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). RESULTS:Over the 4-week study period, the delayed cord clamping (DCC) group exhibited a decrease in the frequency of blood transfusion (p Ͻ 0.001) and also a decrease in albumin transfusions over the first 24 hours (p Ͻ 0.03). MBP in the first 4 hours was higher in the DCC group (p Ͻ 0.01), and there were statistically significant increases in Hct (21%), Hgb (23%), and RBC count (21%) compared with the early cord clamping group. The risks of patent ductus arteriosus, hyperbilirubinemia, or intraventricular hemorrhage were similar in both groups. Late clamping of the umbilical cord had little or no effect on the oxygen index. CONCLUSION:DCC significantly reduced the requirement for blood and albumin transfusion. It also increased the initial Hct, RBC count, Hgb levels, and MBP.

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