No abstract

Solutions of polymethacrylic acid have been partially neutralized tc different extents, and the p H values and viscosities of the resulting solutions determined. These measurements were carried out at several different potassium ,chloride concentrations, and on several polymer samples. The calculated dissociation constants of the polymer acid were substituted in the equation developed by J. Th. G. Overbeek, which expresses the change in dissociation constant of a polybasic acid as a function of the radius of the molecular coil and of the charge on the molecule. The derivation of this equation treats the polymer molecule as a sphere containing a continuous charge. The radii found are of the right order and change in the expected way with changing ionic strength and ionisation. Substitution of these radii in the Debije viscosity equation gives satisfactory agreement between observed and experimental viscosities at low degrees of ionisation. At higher degrees of dissociation it would seem that the treatment of the polymer coil as a sphere is no longer satisfactory, although a better approximation is obtained if the charge is considered to be entirely on the surface of the sphere.

No abstract

In general, the shared family environment appears to play a negligible role in determining individual differences in personality and interests. Nevertheless, scattered reports of significant shared environmental influence on such variables appear in the literature. Using data from the Texas Adoption Project (TAP), the current study attempted to replicate twin study findings of significant shared environmental variance on four of nine Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) factor scales (Rose, 1988). Conventional behavioral genetic analyses of the adoption data agreed in affirming a significant shared environmental influence on individual differences in Religious Orthodoxy only. Subsequent simultaneous modeling of Rose's twin data and TAP adoption data resulted in three scales (Extraversion, Inadequacy, and Religious Orthodoxy) showing significant shared environmental influence. Again, effects were most substantial for Religious Orthodoxy, where the shared environment accounted for nearly 50% of the variance. It is argued that assortative mating cannot explain this finding.

No abstract