Analyzing data from more than 1,500 family caregivers from the 1996 National Caregiver Survey, this study documents the ways in which dementia care is different from other types of family caregiving. Not only do dementia caregivers spend significantly more hours per week providing care than nondementia caregivers, they also report greater impacts in terms of employment complications, caregiver strain, mental and physical health problems, time for leisure and other family members, and family conflict. Differential impacts remain even after controlling for intensity of caregiving involvement and sociodemographic factors. Study findings suggest the need to tailor programs and services to the unique challenges faced by dementia caregivers.
A clear picture of the mental and physical health benefits associated with optimism has emerged in the past 15 years. With few exceptions, people considered "optimists" appear to achieve better outcomes in a wide range of situations, including adjustment to life-threatening and chronic illnesses (e.g., cancer, AIDS) and major life transitions (e.g., moving from home to college, from one country to another; see Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, chap. 9, this volume; Taylor & Aspinwall, 1996, for reviews).
The unconventional nature of the Global War on Terror necessitates an immediate and substantial increase in the manning of U.S. Special Operations. To this end, the Navy Sea, Air, Land (SEAL) community is faced with the challenge of graduating more Special Operations personnel without sacrificing the high intensity of training. These circumstances have led to a renaissance of interest in identifying, recruiting, selecting, and retaining individuals who are best equipped to succeed in a military environment known to test every dimension of a candidate's will. As the first of a two-part series, the purposes of this paper were to (1) review the currently available literature addressing factors and characteristics that may predict the performance and success of Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL (BUD/S) candidates, (2) identify critical paths for future research, focusing on that which may yield the highest operational return in the shortest time. Thirteen studies were critically reviewed, and future research directions were discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.