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Background Suboptimal child nutrition remains the main factor underlying child undernutrition in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months old. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study including 742 mothers with children aged 6–23 months old was conducted in 2 Health Zones of South Kivu, Eastern DRC. WHO indicators of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) regarding complementary feeding practices were used. Logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the association between sociodemographic indicators and adequate minimum acceptable diet for both univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Overall, 33% of infants had minimum acceptable diet. After controlling for a wide range of covariates, residence urban area (AOR 2.39; 95% CI 1.43, 3.85), attendance postnatal care (AOR 1.68; 95% CI 1.12, 2.97), education status of mother (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.20, 2.77) and household socioeconomic status (AOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14, 2.59) were factors positively associated with minimum acceptable diet. Conclusion Actions targeting these factors are expected to improve infant feeding practices in South Kivu.

BackgroundTimely initiation of breastfeeding can decrease neonatal mortality. However, about 50% of newborns are not breastfeed within 1 h of birth in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding in an urban and rural area of Bukavu, South Kivu province, Democratic Republic of Congo.MethodsWe interviewed 396 mother-newborn pairs (185 in the urban area and 211 in the rural area) between 20 July and 10 October 2016. We used descriptive statistics to demonstrate the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding. Variables that showed association with delayed initiation of breastfeeding in the bivariate models were entered in a multivariable logistic model.ResultsOverall, the rate of early initiation of breastfeeding was 65.9% (69.7% in the rural area, 61.6% in the rural area). Two hundred and seventy-four (62.9%) mothers (159 in rural area and 115 in urban area) were counselled on early initiation of breastfeeding during prenatal care. Most mothers, 65.2% received counselling by a health professional. On multivariable regression analyses after adjusting for other variables in the model, unmarried mothers [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.5 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.13, 1.95)], cesarean delivery [OR: 2.24 (95% CI: 1.74, 2.88)], no counselling on timely initiation of breastfeeding [OR: 1.71 (95% CI: 1.29, 2.20)] and counselling by a non-health professional [OR: 1.84 (95% CI: 1.08, 3.12)] were associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding.ConclusionSystemic changes are needed for women having caesarean births to experience skin-to-skin and early initiation. In addition, information, education and communication on the importance of timely initiation of breastfeeding must be supported to improve maternal and infant wellbeing.

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