Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a well-known complication of head and neck radiotherapy (RT). In contrast, osteonecrosis of surrounding non-target structures in the craniofacial region is less commonly reported. Various bones within the head and neck are susceptible to ORN and this may present years after initial radiation exposure especially with improving survival rates. We report three cases of ORN involving the hyoid bone and temporal bone, and review the literature regarding numerous bones within the head and neck skeleton that have been affected by ORN.
il AbstractThe object of our research is the codification of programming knowledge for the synthesis of concurrent programs. We present sample rules and techniques that we show can be used to derive two concurrent algorithms: dynamic programming (for the class of problems that run in polynomial time on sequential machines) and array multiplication. For both derived concurrent versions the code runs in linear time. The concurrent versions are significant and complex algorithms, though they are not new and already have been reported in the literature. The synthesis knowledge for these derivations is embodied in seven synthesis rules. We expect these rules to generalize to other classes of algorithms.We have also discovered a pair of techniques called tdrtualisation and aggregation. This pair of techniques (plus the seven rules) is shown to be powerful enough to synthesize Kung's systolic array architecture [Kung.?6] from a specification of matrix multiplication.
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