Lesions restricted to the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus were neither necessary nor sufficient for, and did not contribute to, the production of hypothalamic obesity. Hypothalamic lesions and knife cuts that do produce obesity damage the nearby ventral noradrenergic bundle or its terminals.

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Hypothalamic hyperphagia was produced in male and female rats using parasagittal hypothalamic knife cuts. When equated for body weight, lesioned males and lesioned females both gained weight at the same rapid rate. As normal males typically gain more rapidly than normal females, it seems that the lesion-induced rate of weight gain occurs instead of, rather than in addition to, the normal rate of weight gain peculiar to each sex. In a second experiment it was found that while hyperphagic rats may be unable to respond adequately to internal cues that decrease caloric intake, they can respond to internal cues that accelerate caloric intake.

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