SUMMARYWireless engineers and business planners commonly raise the question on where, when, and how millimeter-wave (mmWave) will be used in 5G and beyond. Since the next generation network is not just a new radio access standard, but also an integration of networks for vertical markets with diverse applications, answers to the question depend on scenarios and use cases to be deployed. This paper gives four 5G mmWave deployment examples and describes in chronological order the scenarios and use cases of their probable deployment, including expected system architectures and hardware prototypes. The first example is a 28 GHz outdoor backhauling for fixed wireless access and moving hotspots, which will be demonstrated at the PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games in 2018. The second deployment example is a 60 GHz unlicensed indoor access system at the Tokyo-Narita airport, which is combined with Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) to enable ultra-high speed content download with low latency. The third example is mmWave mesh network to be used as a micro Radio Access Network (µ-RAN), for cost-effective backhauling of small-cell Base Stations (BSs) in dense urban scenarios. The last example is mmWave based Vehicular-to-Vehicular (V2V) and Vehicular-to-Everything (V2X) communications system, which enables automated driving by exchanging High Definition (HD) dynamic map information between cars and Roadside Units (RSUs). For 5G and beyond, mmWave and MEC will play important roles for a diverse set of applications that require both ultra-high data rate and low latency communications. key words: millimeter wave, MEC, 28GHz, 60GHz, mesh network, V2V/V2X, automated driving, future forecast
There is increasing faith that mmWave technology will be part of 5G wireless networks in the wide frequency range 30-90 GHz. Experimental measurements are used to model mmWave channels addressing issues like human body shadowing or reflections due to moving vehicles. In this paper a new quasi-deterministic (Q-D) approach is introduced for modeling mmWave channels. The proposed channel model allows natural description of scenario-specific geometric properties, reflection attenuation and scattering, ray blockage and mobility effects. This new channel modeling approach is of utmost importance for further measurement campaigns planning, channel model characterization, system level simulations and network access capacity estimations
This paper presents the approach of extending cellular networks with millimeter-wave backhaul and access links. Introducing a logical split between control and user plane will permit full coverage while seamlessly achieving very high data rates in the vicinity of mm-wave small cells
This article introduces a quasi-deterministic channel model and a link level-focused channel model, developed with a focus on millimeter-wave outdoor access channels. Channel measurements in an open square scenario at 60 GHz are introduced as a basis for the development of the model and its parameterization. The modeling approaches are explained, and their specific area of application is investigated.
The millimeter-wave frequency band is a promising candidate for future mobile communication in dense environments. The knowledge on the radio channel in outdoor environments is still very limited. In this paper we present measurements that have been performed in a busy urban outdoor environment at 60 GHz together with initial results. A typical small cell deployment scenario was used with static and mobile terminal positions. Human body shadowing events that affect the line-of-sight propagation have also been investigated
The fifth-generation mobile networks (5G) will not only enhance mobile broadband services, but also enable connectivity for a massive number of Internet-of-Things devices, such as wireless sensors, meters or actuators. Thus, 5G is expected to achieve a 1000-fold or more increase in capacity over 4G. The use of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum is a key enabler to allowing 5G to achieve such enhancement in capacity. To fully utilize the mmWave spectrum, 5G is expected to adopt a heterogeneous network (HetNet) architecture, wherein mmWave small cells are overlaid onto a conventional macro-cellular network. In the mmWave-integrated HetNet, splitting of the control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) will allow continuous connectivity and increase the capacity of the mmWave small cells. mmWave communication can be used not only for access linking, but also for wireless backhaul linking, which will facilitate the installation of mmWave small cells. In this study, a proof-of-concept (PoC) was conducted to demonstrate the practicality of a prototype mmWave-integrated HetNet, using mmWave technologies for both backhaul and access.
In this paper we present 60 GHz channel measurements that have been performed in an outdoor access scenario. At the transmitter side (small cell base station) a 128 element beamforming array was used. This array was used to measure the channel impulse response at an omni-directional receiver antenna for 133 different transmit beam settings, each representing a narrow beam in a different spatial direction. A total of 58 different receiver positions was measured and at every location one unobstructed measurement and one measurement with human body blockage was performed. The results show, that at some locations, reflected paths exist with only a minor drop in signal power, relative to the line of sight path. © 2016 European Association of Antennas and Propagation
The millimeter-wave frequency bands, especially the license free band at 60 GHz, is a candidate for future broadband access links. Path loss measurements have been performed in a typical small cell access scenario. Path loss model parameters were derived for these results, including large and small scale effects. Using this model a system level analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of a heterogeneous network using millimeter-wave access links.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.