This article presents results of an exploratory study of how Army military spouses with children cope with everyday stresses varies based on ethnic background. The study used data from 4,464 respondents of the 2001 Survey of Army Families IV (SAF IV). SAF IV, fielded April through July 2001, was used to reduce the confounding associated with the Iraq war. The results of five-stepwise regressions indicated that there were four common predictors and four ethnically specific predictors of how spouses cope. It was also found that the major sample (Caucasian) was most reflective of the analysis of the total sample of 4,464. Two of the primary predictors of spouse coping were the Problems Experienced Scale and the spouses’ ability to keep themselves well informed about the Army. Study findings suggest that while similarities in coping exist between ethnic groups, there are also important ethnic differences in coping relevant to family policy and practice. These differences warrant further study based on a larger sample of spouses
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. (From -To) REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) Summer 2011 REPORT TYPE Research DATES COVERED Public availability SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTThis study evaluates how US Army Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) programme usage by active-duty soldiers and civilian spouses of active-duty soldiers is correlated directly and indirectly with the following readiness and retention variables : "desire for the soldier to stay in the Army until retirement", "Army career intentions", "satisfaction with the quality of Army life", "emotional attachment to the Army", and "extent to which providing MWR services shows the Army cares about soldiers and their families". The study replicated and extended a 2007 pilot study and found that usage of MWR services is positively associated directly and indirectly with all outcome variables. All direct and indirect associations have notable effect sizes. The findings are consistent across soldiers and spouses in three different Army-wide surveys, four separate databases, and multiple measures of readiness and retention. These robust findings allow the Army to state with confidence that MWR contributes to mission-essential goals. SUBJECT TERMS AbstractThis study evaluates how US Army Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) programme usage by active-duty soldiers and civilian spouses of active-duty soldiers is correlated directly and indirectly with the following readiness and retention variables : "desire for the soldier to stay in the Army until retirement", "Army career intentions", "satisfaction with the quality of Army life", "emotional attachment to the Army", and "extent to which providing MWR services shows the Army cares about soldiers and their families". The study replicated and extended a 2007 pilot study and found that usage of MWR services is positively associated directly and indirectly with all outcome variables. All direct and indirect associations have notable effect sizes. The findings are consistent across soldiers and spouses in three different Army-wide surveys, four separate databases, and multiple measures of readiness and retention. These robust findings allow the Army to s...
Although Étienne Gilson did not change his position on Christian philosophy as defined in his 1931 Gifford Lectures, interesting modifications occur in his later formulations. Whereas Gilson's earlier formulations emphasized philosophy searching within the faith for what can become rational, his later formulations during the 1960s placed more emphasis on its Christian aspect, i.e., faith guiding reason. In the 1960s, Gilson emphasized faith and the Church as the guardians of Christian philosophy, expressed a relative indifference to the validity of rational proofs for the existence of God, and empathized with those accepting questionable philosophical approaches to understand the faith. Post‐modernism with its rejection of a “pure” or “scientific” methodology in philosophy serves as an appropriate context in which to situate Gilson's later formulation of Christian philosophy.
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