Operative cholangiography has a protective effect for complications of cholecystectomy. Compared with OC, LC carries a nearly twofold higher risk of major bile, vascular, and bowel complications. Further study is required to determine the extent to which potentially preventable factors contribute to this risk.

In 1996 the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health recruited a nationally representative sample of more than 40,000 women in three age cohorts, born in 1973-78, 1946-51 and 1921-26. At least six waves of 3-yearly surveys have been completed. Although the focus remains on factors affecting the health and well-being of women and their access to and use of health services across urban, rural and remote areas of Australia, the study has now been considerably expanded by linkage to other health data sets. For most women who have ever participated in the study, linked records are now available for: government-subsidized non-hospital services (e.g. all general practitioner visits); pharmaceutical prescriptions filled; national death index, including codes for multiple causes of death; aged care assessments and services; cancer registries; and, for most states and territories, hospital admissions and perinatal data. Additionally, a large cohort of women born in 1989-95 have been recruited. The data are available to approved collaborators, with more than 780 researchers using the data so far. Full details of the study materials and data access procedures are available at [http://www.alswh.org.au/].

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Objective To estimate the prevalence and incidence of endometriosis among Australian women. Design Population‐based cohort study linked to administrative health records. Setting Secondary analysis of seven surveys collected between 2000 and 2018 from a population‐based cohort study. Population A total of 13 508 Australian women, born 1973–78, from a prospective cohort study of 14 247 women conducted between 1996 and 2018. Methods During 2000 and 2018, self‐reported longitudinal survey data were linked to three administrative health databases to separately identify women with clinically confirmed or suspected endometriosis across the multiple data sources. Main outcome measures Prevalence and incidence of clinically confirmed endometriosis in the cohort were first estimated using national hospital data. Data were then combined with other administrative health databases and the survey data to capture all clinically confirmed and suspected diagnoses of endometriosis. Results The cumulative prevalence of clinically confirmed endometriosis was 6.0% (95% CI 5.8–6.2%) by age 40–44 years. The cumulative prevalence increased to 11.4% (95% CI 11.1–11.7%) when adding diagnoses of clinically suspected endometriosis. Age‐specific incidence estimates peaked to 6 per 1000 person‐years at age 30–34 years. Conclusions Among 13 508 Australian women followed for 20 years, one in nine women had clinically confirmed or suspected endometriosis by the age of 44, with most diagnosed during their early thirties. Endometriosis is a significant public health issue requiring increased surveillance, clinical awareness and management. Efforts to expand knowledge on the aetiology of the disease and optimal methods for disease management are crucial to women's health. Tweetable abstract In a national study of 13 508 Australian women, one in nine women were diagnosed with endometriosis by age 44.

The 6-item 1-factor MOS-SSS measures global functional social support with fewer items than the established 19-item measure.

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