Noise masking of television audio signals by flyovers is the most frequently mentioned problem of airport neighbors. This problem was studied in the laboratory using artificial noise. Three studies varied the intensity, duration, and rate (noises per hour) of the noises. Acceptability was found to approximate a logarithmic function of noise energy for changes in intensity, duration, and rate. Thus, the equal-energy principle, which has been generally observed in abstract psychometric experiments, was confirmed in this more realistic and representative task. A fourth study showed aircraft-flyover recordings to be more acceptable than artificial noises even though they had equivalent peak levels and masking durations. This difference can also be explained by the equal-energy principle, since the flyovers had lower average (or integrated) energy.
Even with special display devices in gestation, a pilot must satisfy his complete visual information needs by “time-sharing” between the intra- and extra-cockpit data sources. A sample of sixty military attack pilots, selected with the variable of flying experience in view, was divided into control and trainee groups. Using simple, generalized but adaptive simulation devices, the trainee group was trained over an eight-week period in display reading and in hazard detection. A comparison of the trainee group with the control group in a highly specific and complex simulated flying task, showed that hazard detection (such as collision) was improved significantly without in any way compromising other flying tasks.
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and manipulating the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, Including suggestions for reducing the burden, to
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.