The Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire is one of the first valid and reliable surveys of attitudes among medical students, residents, and faculty that reflects seven elements of professionalism.

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Older women can undergo major vaginal reconstructive surgery with relief of symptoms and restoration of vaginal depth and axis.

If the paper can come to understand how consciousness operates in organizations, and learn how to apply it in organizational decisions, the pay-off could be big in terms of leading initiatives for change. The final goal is to use what is learned to improve organizational outcomes.

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Training in vaginal hysterectomy and pelvic reconstructive surgery has not kept pace with advances in other areas of obstetrics and gynecology. A paucity of senior and talented teachers of vaginal surgery is one of the major reasons for this decline. In this article, we discuss the merits of the technique of vaginal hysterectomy by anterior delivery of the uterine corpus originally described by Doderlein and Kronig in 1906. The authors use this technique to initiate junior residents to vaginal surgery. Advantages to the novice are early entry into the peritoneal cavity anteriorly, easy retraction of the bladder out of the surgical field, less blood loss because of early ligation of the major blood supply to the uterus, and no incision into the posterior vagina until the uterus is finally removed. We believe that this surgical procedure has amply demonstrated its usefulness and should be given wider exposure in obstetric and gynecologic residency programs. (J GYNECOL SURG 6: 123,1990) Address reprint requests to:

A retrospective review was undertaken to determine the incidence of enteric fistulas on a benign gynecology service. Two cases were encountered out of 366 major abdominal and vaginal surgical procedures over a 36-month period. Steps required in the initial diagnosis and management of enteric fistulas are presented. A working knowledge of the management of enteric fistulas is required of all gynecologists. (J GYNECOL SURG 7:115,1991).