We present a method for magnetic field measurement by the weak magnetic-sensitive Zeeman splitting based on stimulated Raman transition. The magnetic field intensity measured by our proposed method is consistent with that by the magnetic-sensitive method in the error range of 0.5%. Compared with the traditional measurement, the contrast of the weak magnetic-sensitive resonance signal is improved significantly for gradient field. The dependence of the Raman transitions on polarization schemes is analyzed. The cancellation of the differential light shift between the separated peaks is demonstrated by proper choice of polarization configuration. The presented method is applicable to measuring the magnetic field with large gradient, such as 2–40 mG/mm in our clock, where the traditional method is unsuitable.
The microwave spectrum line shape and the signal-to-noise ratio of a compact optically detected magnetic-state-selection cesium beam clock are analyzed in this paper. As the noise analysis shows, the performance is related to the atomic utilization ratio and locking parameters when the laser frequency noise is the dominant noise source. Methods are adopted for realizing better short-term frequency stability of the clock, including using a highly efficient state-selection cesium beam tube, optimizing the locking parameters, and stabilizing the microwave power to maximize the error signal. After optimization, the signal-to-noise ratio of the clock reaches 7.0 × 103 in a bandwidth of 1 Hz and the clock demonstrates a short-term stability of 4.1 × 10−12 τ−1/2. The five-day Allan standard deviation reaches 7.7 × 10−15.
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