O efeito do Programa Territorial nas relações sociais dos agricultores familiares do Território da Cidadania do Vale do Rio Vermelho, em Goiás, Brasil The effects of the Territorial Policy on social relationships of family farmers in the Vale do Rio Vermelho Citzenship Territory, in Goiás, Brazil El efecto del Programa Territorial en las relaciones sociales de los campesinos en el Territorio de la Ciudadanía del Vale do Rio Vermelho, en Goiás, Brésil L'effet du Programme Territorial dans les relations sociales des agriculteurs familiaux du Territoire de la Citoyenneté de la Vale do Rio Vermelho, à Goiás, Brasil Resumo: Este artigo avalia os efeitos do programa territorial PROINF nas relações sociais de agricultores familiares e também entre os membros do Conselho Municipal de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável (CMDRS). Os resultados mostram que os investimentos ocorridos em benefício direto dos agricultores resultaram em maior desenvolvimento local do que aqueles voltados às esferas intermediárias de mediação da política territorial. Palavras-chave: Programa territorial. Agricultura familiar. Indicadores de rede. Abstract: This paper assesses the influence of the territorial program PROINF in social relations of both family farmers and members of the Municipal Council for Sustainable Rural Development (CMDRS). The results reveal that the investments made for the direct benefit of family farmers have generated better effects on rural development than the ones aimed at intermediate levels of mediation of the territorial policy. Résumé: Cet article évalue les effets du programme territorial PROINF dans les relations sociales des agriculteurs familiaux et également entre les membres du Conseil Municipal pour le Développement Rural Durable (CMDRS). Les résultats révèlent que les investissements directs pour agriculteurs familiaux ont généré de meilleurs effets sur le développement rural que ceux destinés aux intermédiaires de la médiation de la politique territoriale. Mots-clés: Programe territorial. Agriculture familiale. Indicateurs de reseau. Resúmen: Este artículo evalua los effectos del programa territorial PROINF en las relaciónes sociales de los campesinos y también entre los membros del Consejo Municipal de Desarrollo Rural Sostenible (CMDRS).Los resultados muestran que las inversiónes echas para el beneficio directo de los campesinos han generado mejor desarrollo local que los dirigidos hacia a las esferas intermediarias de mediación de la política territorial. Palabras clave: Programa territorial. Agricultura campesina. Indicadores de red.
We hypothesize that Fashion brands’ demand for organic agroforestry cotton (OAC) may foster more sustainable supply chains in the cotton industry. However, to realize the potential of the OAC market, a better understanding of the market demand for OAC, as well as the quality and production standards under which the brands operate, the institutional frameworks, and the market mechanisms that underpin its commercialization, is needed. We evaluated the existing organic markets in Brazil using an interview-based methodology with key stakeholders throughout the organic cotton supply chain in 2022. Our study revealed that some brands are willing to pay prices ranging from USD$ 2.57 to USD$ 4.61 per kg of cotton lint depending on the brand. These brands require suppliers to meet quality specifications for the cotton fiber; for example, they require average to long fibers and specify harvesting practices that influence fiber quality. There are also social and environmental criteria that prioritize vulnerable communities of family farmers and women groups planting cotton based on established sustainable practices. The institutional framework includes different stakeholders throughout the organic cotton supply chain, which is fundamentally driven by private demand for cotton, counts on the support of agents connecting brands to farmers, and is indirectly supported by public policies. Existing markets for organic cotton are established via contracts that provide farmers with guarantees to invest in planting cotton and have different certification systems used by the brands that monitor and verify adherence to the standards. Market demand for OAC may, therefore, potentially lead to new markets that promote sustainable supply chains and farming practices. However, existing markets for organic cotton reveal complex requirements that must be addressed, such as the need for supporting agents connecting brands to farmers, and market mechanisms, such as complex contracts and certification.
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