Based on the meta-analysis of 67 empirical research papers, this research extends prior reviews / meta-analysis studies by investigating the link of corporate governance (CG hereafter) mechanisms with firm financial performance. Further, this research contributes to the extant literature by making comparison of usefulness of CG mechanisms in both developed and developing countries. CG mechanisms appear to play differential role in driving corporate financial performance in both developed and developing countries. In developed countries board meeting and female representation on board has significant positive impact on firm financial performance, while board independence and board size has significant negative relationship. Inconsistent with the results of developed countries, firm financial performance appear to be negatively associated with board independence, board meeting, and managerial ownership and positively associated with ownership concentration. This difference can be attributed to different institutional settings in both developed and developing countries.
Technology usage has increased enormously in recent decades by different organizations to meet the consumers' growing demands. Technology growth has contributed to high energy consumption and overutilization of natural resources, which caused environmental deterioration. The awareness of eco-efficiency and sustainable environment has accelerated worldwide. Industries in developed countries have implemented green technologies to meet their environmental objectives. Developing countries also follow the same footprints and endorse different organizations, including the banking sector, to adopt green technology. Therefore, the present study focused on analyzing the determinants that lead to the successful adoption of green technology in the Pakistani banking sector. A survey has conducted amongst branch managers working in Pakistani banks. Findings revealed that subjective norm, green technology belief, green technology knowledge, and green technology attitude plays a significant role in positively influencing the intentions towards the usage of green technology.
The awareness about environmental concerns in organizations has been increased in recent research. Green human resources are becoming a crucial element to implement green practices in organizations. Limited research in the context of the inefficient environmental performance of universities is drawing the attention of scholars. Based on the Ability -Motivation-Opportunity (AMO) theory, the current study examines the indirect effect of GHRM practices on universities' environmental performance through organizational citizenship behavior toward the environment. The survey method was used for data collection from the academic staff of public sector universities in Punjab, Pakistan. Convenience sampling was used, and a partial least square structural equation modeling technique was used to analyze the data statistically. Direct hypothesis results revealed the significant impact of green performance, green reward, and green training on the environment's organizational citizenship behavior. The environment's organizational citizenship behavior significantly mediates the relationship between green performance, green reward, and green training and environmental performance for mediation analysis. The study findings provide numerous theoretical and practical implications by extending the AMO theory and guiding universities' administration to train the academic staff and increase the reward to improve public sector universities' environmental performance.
Banks equipped themselves with modern tools to provide innovative and dynamic services to clients. Traditional banking transformed into digital online banking to facilitate customers all over the world through the internet. High-quality online banking services are necessary to retain clients. Customers using online banking services of the top five commercial Pakistani private banks were the study population. A structural equation modeling technique was employed to analyze the hypothesis. The results found the significant impact of reliability, website design, and security on customer trust leading to higher loyalty based on cognitive, motivational relational theory. The research findings provide numerous theoretical and practical implications for banks' administration to make internet banking website design more user-friendly and reliable with enhanced security features that win the customers' trust and strengthen loyalty.
The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of training on employee performance. The study investigates the association and offers proposals for additional investigations. There is a need to check the HR Practices and also quantify the effect across employees' performance. Based on the studies conducted by previous researchers, the study shows similar results that training practices and employee performance have a strong correlation. Taking other aspects into account, it can be said in general that the research discoveries are shifted; however, context remains similar. A few studies have discovered a positive affiliation, some negative, and some no affiliation at all. It was found from the result of the study that training has a positive effect on employee performance. This study shows that there is a solid relationship between training and employee performance. Therefore our result matched with the above researcher. The research shows a strong relationship between training and employee performance. The paper concludes with direction for future research by putting in the various levels of analysis on investigating the effect of training on employee performance.
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