Background: We evaluated the sequential changes of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-13 serum levels with tuberculosis (TB)-related radiographic changes during pulmonary TB (PTB) treatment. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study during two consecutive years, forty cases with PTB were recorded, and finally, 24 cases were completed the study. Serum levels of IL-10 and IL-13 were measured on admission time, and 6 months later. Furthermore, chest radiography was performed on admission and 6 months later in the treatment course. Results: Radiography at the baseline indicated pulmonary infiltration in all patients ( n = 24). Fifteen (62.5%) cases had abnormal and 9 (37.5%) cases had normal radiography at the end of 6 months treatment course. IL-10 and IL-13 upregulated during the treatment time course, and their relationship with radiographic changes shifted from negative ( r = −0.14 and P = 0.71) on admission to positive ( r = 0.80 and P < 0.001) at the end of 6 months treatment course in normal radiography group. IL-10 level at the start of the treatment was 121.90 ± 88.81 in patients with normal and 82.68 ± 41.50 in patients with abnormal radiography ( P = 0.31). Conclusion: Sequential increase in IL-10 and IL-13 during PTB treatment course may have a role in clearing the TB-related radiographic infiltration and preventing scar formation.
Background: Antitrypsin is one of the factors that increases during inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to monitor alterations in serum antitrypsin level during pulmonary tuberculosis treatment and determine its association with pulmonary function and fibrotic changes. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on all 40 patients who had pulmonary tuberculosis and were referred in 2015 -2017 to a tuberculosis care center in Birjand, Iran. Sampling was done through the census method. After the establishment of tuberculosis diagnosis, all patients received tuberculosis treatment for 6 consecutive months. Before, 2 and 6 months after treatment onset, 5-milliliter blood samples were obtained from each patient for antitrypsin measurement. Moreover, chest radiography was performed for each patient both before and 6 months after treatment onset, while pulmonary function test or spirometry was done 2 and 6 months after treatment onset. The one-way analysis of variance, independent-sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for statistical data analysis. Results: From the 40 recruited patients, only 24 completed the study. The mean of serum antitrypsin level at baseline was 201.72
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