Purpose Vitamin D deficiency has been reported as a key factor in the development of infectious diseases such as respiratory tract infections and inflammatory processes like acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the impact of vitamin D on the severity and outcome of COVID-19 is still not fully known. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of serum vitamin D concentration on the extent of lung involvement and final outcome in patients with COVID-19. Methods Seventy-three subjects with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were investigated in this study. The patients had been admitted to our academic hospital from February 28, 2020 to April 19, 2020. Demographic and clinical data, serum 25(OH)D levels, and findings of initial chest computed tomography were recorded. Linear and binary logistic regression, cox regression and ROC curve tests were used for statistical analysis. Results The mean age of patients was 55.18 ± 14.98 years old; 46.4% were male. Mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in the deceased (13.83 ± 12.53 ng/ mL compared with discharged patients (38.41 ± 18.51 ng/mL) ( P < 0.001). Higher levels of 25(OH)D were associated with significantly less extent of total lung involvement ( β = − 0.10, P = 0.004). In addition, vitamin D deficiency [25(OH) D < 25 ng/mL] was associated with a significant increase in the risk of mortality (hazard ratio = 4.15, P = 0.04). Conclusion This study suggests that serum vitamin D status might provide useful information regarding the clinical course, extent of lung involvement and outcome of patients with COVID-19. However, further studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings.

We investigated significant predictors of poor in-hospital outcomes for patients admitted with viral pneumonia during the COVID-19 outbreak in Tehran, Iran. Between February 22 and March 22, 2020, patients who were admitted to three university hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Tehran, Iran were included. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and chest CT scan findings were gathered. Two radiologists evaluated the distribution and CT features of the lesions and also scored the extent of lung involvement as the sum of three zones in each lung. Of 228 included patients, 45 patients (19.7%) required ICU admission and 34 patients (14.9%) died. According to regression analysis, older age (OR = 1.06; P < 0.001), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 88% (OR = 2.88; P = 0.03), and higher chest CT total score (OR = 1.10; P = 0.03) were significant predictors for inhospital death. The same three variables were also recognized as significant predictors for invasive respiratory support: SpO2 < 88% (OR = 3.97, P = 0.002), older age (OR = 1.05, P < 0.001), and higher CT total score (OR = 1.13, P = 0.008). Potential predictors of invasive respiratory support and in-hospital death in patients with viral pneumonia were older age, SpO2 < 88%, and higher chest CT score.

INTROduCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19), caused by the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS -CoV -2), has recently been announced a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. 1 This infection can lead to severe respiratory distress requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The World Health Organization estimated

: Various manifestations may appear in chest computed tomography (CT) scan of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this pictorial review, we present chest CT manifestations of 14 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 disease and various manifestations including ground-glass and consolidative opacities, reticular opacities, halo sign, and other findings.

No abstract