The purpose of this paper is to outline the history of school-based policing, namely, the deployment of School Resource Officers (SROs), and examine the evidence of this program's impacts on school safety and on students in the USA. We offer a review of the literature documenting the costs and effects of SROs in US schools. More than two decades of research have not yielded evidence that police enhance school safety, but it has repeatedly been documented that embedding police in schools results in serious harms to minoritized students, especially those who are Black, disabled, LGBTQ, or low income. This review of the research makes clear that SROs have not delivered school safety and have caused considerable harm to marginalized students. It must therefore be a priority of the new administration to end schools' reliance on law enforcement to manage the students in their care and reinvest in the proven support that school-based social work affords to our youth.
This study explored the social network properties and the correlates between social networks and subjective wellbeing of adults (N = 80) in a Housing First (HF) program. Using structured interviews, participants' social network properties were assessed. Bivariate correlations and backward multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between social networks and subjective wellbeing. Findings indicate a combination of years of homelessness, years in housing, frequency of contact, intimate relationship, and perceived social support significantly predicted subjective wellbeing (F (5, 74) = 2.74, p = 0.025). While perceived social support was positively associated with subjective wellbeing, frequency of contact was negatively associated with subjective wellbeing. It is recommended that service providers develop strengths-focused perspectives of the social networks of HF residents as potential contributors to subjective wellbeing.Service providers may need to pay more attention to HF residents with frequent contacts with network members, as they may have more distress.
To understand parent and child relations researchers have used three bipolar dimensions (warmth and rejection, structure and chaos, autonomy support, and coercion). These dimensions are not necessarily bipolar but could work as unipolar dimensions. The Parents as Social Context Questionnaire (PASCQ) has been used in parenting studies but needs to be further investigated in different populations to ensure the validity and reliability of the scale. The present study explored the structures of and provided evidence regarding validity and reliability of the PASCQ. This study aimed to examine whether the Swedish version of the PASCQ is a reliable questionnaire when measuring the six dimension of parenting. The participants consisted of 1634 adolescents (58.6% females) born in 1997 (52%) and 1999. Factor analyses were conducted to investigate whether the Swedish scale generated six dimensions. Regression analyses were conducted to measure the different factors and spearman correlations between dimensions were conducted. The analysis indicates that the PASCQ consists of five dimensions, however rejection (negative) and warmth (positive) loaded on the same dimension and are referred to as two separate factors, making the questionnaire consistent of six dimensions. All items had a factor score >0.4 and loaded in a coherent manner. Therefore, the PASCQ can be used to assess six dimensions of parenting styles. The PASCQ Swedish version can be used as a measure of parenting styles in a Swedish population. Further research is necessary to evaluate the validity and reliability in other samples as well.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Individuals experiencing homelessness and housed residents have increasingly been in conflict over the use of public spaces, which has led to efforts to regulate how individuals experiencing homelessness use public spaces. However, the discourses around the use of public parks seem to value housed residents over homeless individuals. How individuals experiencing homelessness construct meanings of public spaces has not been given adequate attention in the literature. Drawing on a symbolic interactionist theoretical framework and grounded theory methodology, the researcher conducted 10 semi-structured interviews on how individuals experiencing homelessness construct meanings of a public park. Participants ascribed instrumental and intangible meanings to the park by describing it as a homeless safety hub, a homeless resource hub, and a homeless network hub. This study suggested that homeless individuals’ constructed meanings of public parks may be motivated by their interactions with their peers and housed residents. This study recommends policy makers to make an effort to understand factors that force people experiencing homelessness to congregate in public parks and to discontinue regulations that criminalize how individuals experiencing homelessness use public parks.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.