SummaryEthylene response factor 1 (ERF1) is an essential integrator of the jasmonate and ethylene signalling pathways coordinating a large number of genes involved in plant defences. Its orthologue in Hevea brasiliensis, HbERF‐IXc5, has been assumed to play a major role in laticifer metabolism and tolerance to harvesting stress for better latex production. This study sets out to establish and characterize rubber transgenic lines overexpressing HbERF‐IXc5. Overexpression of HbERF‐IXc5 dramatically enhanced plant growth and enabled plants to maintain some ecophysiological parameters in response to abiotic stress such as water deficit, cold and salt treatments. This study revealed that HbERF‐IXc5 has rubber‐specific functions compared to Arabidopsis ERF1 as transgenic plants overexpressing HbERF‐IXc5 accumulated more starch and differentiated more latex cells at the histological level. The role of HbERF‐IXc5 in driving the expression of some target genes involved in laticifer differentiation is discussed.

L-Arginine (Arg) is a versatile amino acid that plays crucial roles in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. In this study, to investigate the alteration induced by Arg supplementation in proteome scale, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) based proteomic approach was employed to comparatively characterize the differentially expressed proteins between Arg deprivation (Ctrl) and Arg supplementation (+Arg) treated human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. A total of 21 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins and these 21 proteins were all up-regulated by Arg supplementation. Six amino acid metabolism-related proteins, mostly metabolic enzymes, showed differential expressions. Intriguingly, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) based pathway analysis suggested that the three ethanol degradation pathways were significantly altered between Ctrl and +Arg. Western blotting and enzymatic activity assays validated that the key enzymes ADH1C, ALDH1A1, and ALDH2, which are mainly involved in ethanol degradation pathways, were highly differentially expressed, and activated between Ctrl and +Arg in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, 10 mM Arg significantly attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by 100 mM ethanol treatment (P < 0.0001). This study is the first time to reveal that Arg activates ethanol degradation pathways in HepG2 cells.

Abstract. Abinawanto, Sophian A, Lestari R, Bowolaksono A, Efendi PS, Afnan R. 2019. Analysis of IGF-1 gene in ayam ketawa (Gallus gallus domesticus) with dangdut and slow type vocal characteristics. Biodiversitas 20: 2004-2010. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is defined as an essential gene for growth. Therefore, this research aims to identify the polymorphism of the IGF-1 gene from ayam ketawa with the dangdut and slow type vocal characteristics. Twenty male chickens were selected as an animal model. The sample consisted of 10 chickens with the dangdut type and 10 chickens with the slow type. The chickens were all obtained from five areas of the Pinrang district. The RFLP and HRM methods were selected to be used in this research. Results showed that the IGF-1 gene was 622 bp in length, while polymorphism analysis showed that the dangdut and slow type are homozygotic. The unrestricted DNA fragment indicated it after reaction of the restriction enzyme Pst1. Moreover, it confirmed that ayam ketawa with the dangdut or slow type had a similar sequence.

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Abinawanto Abinawanto, Nisa Fitrianingrum, Retno Lestari, Agung Sudaryono, Rita Rostika, and Yushinta Fujaya. 2015. The Intracellular Cryoprotectant Effects in Preserving Goramy Spermatozoa after Two Days Sub-Zero Freezing, Aquacultura Indonesiana, 16 (1): 16-21. The spermatozoa quality of goramy after 2 d sub-zero freezing was examined. The quality of spermatozoa examined included motility, viability, and abnormality. We aimed to determine the optimum concentration of glycerol protecting spermatozoa during preservation. We used 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% of glycerol, respectively. Sperms were diluted by the combination of glycerol and fish ringer (1 part of sperm + 3 part of solvent). The dilute sperms were then equiliberated at 4°C for 45 min, and were freezed at -34°C for 2 d. Thawing was then carried out at 30°C for 2 min. Based on Dunnet test, 5% of glycerol was the optimum concentration maintaining spermatozoa motility (75.95±4.76)%.

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Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh berbegai konsentrasi DMSO (0%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, dan 17%) sebagai krioprotektan terhadap kualitas spermatozoa ikan gurami, Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801, dua puluh empat jam pascakriopreservasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Tawar (BBPBAT), Sukabumi. Semen dikoleksi dengan cara pengurutan (stripping) dan dievaluasi secara makroskopis (warna, pH, dan volume) dan mikroskopis (persentase motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, dan konsentrasi spermatozoa) baik sebelum maupun sesudah kriopreservasi. Semen diencerkan dengan pengencer yang mengandung ekstender 189M dan krioprotektan DMSO (0%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, dan 17%), disimpan pada cryotube 2 ml dan dikriopreservasi selama 24 jam. Peningkatan konsentrasi DMSO memengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa ikan gurami pascakriopresevasi. Konsentrasi DMSO yang terbaik berdasarkan hasil pengamatan adalah DMSO konsentrasi 13% (P > 0,05) dengan persentase motilitas sebesar 68,58%; abnormalitas sebesar 29%; dan viabilitas sebesar 63,5%.

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