Background: Inferior turbinate hypertrophy is a common nding while evaluating the patients with Allergic Rhinitis, Chronic Rhinitis, Non-Allergic Rhinitis, Hormonal Changes, Acute sinus infection and medications. Turbinate hypertrophy causes signicant impact on patient's quality of life as it causes sensation of nasal obstruction, difculty in sleeping and epistaxis due to altered and turbulent ow of air current in nasal cavity and patients tend to go for surgical management when the medical management fails. The nasal obstruction is generally relieved after surgery but patient with a roomy nasal cavity is also at risk of developing Atrophic Rhinitis. We present a retrospective cohort study to compare the incidence of post operative Atrophic Rhinitis in two groups with one group of patients undergoing Partial turbinectomy under endoscopic guidance and other group undergoing turbinate reduction using a Turbinate Scissor. All the patients included in the study underwent the procedure in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in MBS Hospital, Kota over a period from July 2020 to December 2021. This retrospective study includes 126 pa Methods: tients as per the inclusion criteria described in the following article out of which 74 patients (52M, 22F) underwent Partial Inferior Turbinectomy using a microdebrider under endoscopic guidance and 52 patients (37M, 15F) underwent the Procedure using Turbinate scissors and the incidence of Atrophic Rhinitis was noted in the post operative follow up period and the data obtained was put to statistical evaluation. Atrophic Rhinitis was noted in a total Results: of 2 patients out of which 1 patient underwent the procedure using microdebrider and1patient underwent the procedure using Turbinate scissors. It was noted that there was no difference in gender distribution of Atrophic Rhinitis as well as the use of Microdebrider did not offer any advantage in reducing the incidence post operative Atrophic Rhinitis (p-value 0.811).
Lemierre's syndrome is a rare and less commonly occurring clinical condition that generally relates to the septic thrombophlebitis of the Internal Jugular vein. Mostly the clinicians have forgotten about this due to less incidence, the most common bacteria causing infection are and Streptococci followed by styaphylococci and Klebsiella [1] . The major proportion of cases that come to light are due to deep neck space infections that ultimately leads to thrombotic involvement of IJV, accounts for for majority of the cases. The other causes include complications of chronic suppurative otitis media and thrombosis occurring in deep veins. Since the Internal Jugular Vein is involved the infection can also undergo hematogenous spread. The infection generally spreads to Spleen, Liver, Kidney, Heart and Brain. [3][4] Lemierre's syndrome can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, multitude of blood series and Imaging. Since it is an infectious condition the treatment involves systemic antibiotic therapy and early administration of broad spectrum antibiotics in high dose become necessary for prevention of complications and systemic spread of infection. [3][4] We are presenting a case series of 5 cases over a period of six years from November 2015 to November 2021.
Osteoma is a benign tumour of the bones. The bony growth can be formed anywhere in the body over an already normal bony surface or over some other tissue in the body known as homoplastic and heteroblastic Osteomas respectively. The factors that lead to the formation of Osteomas are not fully understood but altered cycles of bone resorption and formation have been hypothesized in their occurrence. On the basis of types of bone they are classied into Combined, Spongy and Mixed types. The osteomas generally do not present with any peculiar symptoms but are an incidental nding in many patients, Symptoms generally depend on the location and mass effect over nearby structures present. Most Osteomas occur in the Paranasal Sinuses and in the Skull. Management of Osteomas is generally surgical in case they are symptomatic due to mass effect. Both Endoscopic and open approaches are considered for their removal. We are presenting a case series of two, each case harbouring Osteoma at an uncommon site.
Caustic ingestion in general is a Medical and a Surgical emergency and may be life threatening. The effects and clinical features are often dependent on the chemical nature of the compound ingested and, it's strength. Common scenario is usually a child or a mentally retarted person who gains access to caustic or corrosive substances usually used in household and mistakenly ingests it considering it palatable. The general signs and symptoms are burns and tissue disintegration coupled with necrosis. These changes are pronounced in oral cavity, oesophagus, and stomach. Long lasting complications are Peptic Ulcers, Esophagitis, Esopahgeal Strictures, Oral submucous brosis, Trismus, Stenosis, and abnormal tissue healing. We present a clinical report of a 7-year-old Male child who had a history of acid ingestion in early childhood and the surgical repair of the defect.
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