The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is one of the major features on the Earth's oceans, comprising the circulation of many currents in the Atlantic from the southern hemisphere to the North Atlantic (Johnson et al., 2019). The AMOC plays a central role in the Atlantic climate. For instance, northward ocean heat transport achieved by the AMOC is believed to be responsible for the relatively warm winters in Europe (Buckley & Marshall, 2016;Seager et al., 2002). On the other hand, there exists evidence on how the recent decline of Arctic sea ice weakens the circulation of the AMOC (Liu & Fedorov, 2018). Vertical transport across the AMOC due to vertical motions plays also an important role in this regard since it is essential for many oceanic biological and chemical processes. Indeed, vertical motions act as primary pathways for transporting heat, freshwater, and carbon from the surface to the deep ocean (
<p>Vertical motions across the ocean are central to processes, like CO<sub>2</sub> fixation, heat removal or pollutant transport, which are essential to the Earth&#8217;s climate. This presentation describes 3D conveyor routes across the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), with the support of Lagrangian Coherent Structures. Our findings show the geometry of mixing structures in the upper and deep ocean layers. We identify among others, zones linked to vertical transport and characterize vertical transport time scales.</p> <p>&#160;</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgments: </strong>RB acknowledges support of a CSIC JAE intro fellowship.&#160; AMM and GGS acknowledge the support of a CSIC PIE project Ref. 202250E001 and MICINN grants PID2021-123348OB-I00 and EIN2020-112235. AMM is an active member of the CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platforms POLARCSIC. JC acknowledges the support of the RyC project RYC2018-025169, the Spanish grant PID2020-114043GB-I00 and the Catalan Grant No. 2017SGR1049 and the ``Beca Leonardo a Investigadores y Creadores Culturales 2022 de la Fundaci&#243;n BBVA''.</p>
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