Context:Prevalence of hypothyroidism is 2–4% in women in the reproductive age group. Hypothyroidism can affect fertility due to anovulatory cycles, luteal phase defects, hyperprolactinemia, and sex hormone imbalance.Aims and Objectives:To study the prevalence of clinical/sub-clinical hypothyroidism in infertile women and the response of treatment for hypothyroidism on infertility.Materials and Methods:A total of 394 infertile women visiting the infertility clinic for the first time were investigated for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL). Infertile women with hypothyroidism alone or with associated hyperprolactinemia were given treatment for hypothyroidism with thyroxine 25–150 μg.Results:Of 394 infertile women, 23.9% were hypothyroid (TSH > 4.2 μIU/ml). After treatment for hypothyroidism, 76.6% of infertile women conceived within 6 weeks to 1 year. Infertile women with both hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia also responded to treatment and their PRL levels returned to normal.Conclusion:Measurement of TSH and PRL should be done at early stage of infertility check up rather than straight away going for more costly tests or invasive procedures. Simple, oral hypothyroidism treatment for 3 months to 1 year can be of great benefit to conceive in otherwise asymptomatic infertile women.
SUMMARYHot water treatments (50-55 °C) given to the stigmatic ends of excised pistils, just before pollination, overcame the self-incompatibility barrier in Ipomoea fistulosa, a species with sporophytic self-incompatible system. The minima! dose for inactivation of this barrier is treatment at 50 °C for 2 min but-the optimum response is after 6 to 8 min. On increasing the temperature to 55 °C the optimum response is achieved in a shorter time. The changed, compatible behaviour, is reversed if pollination of the stigma is delayed for a day after the heat treatment. The rate of recovery of self-incompatibility depends on the initial heat treatment given to the stigma.
The present investigation describes the stigmatic rejection response, induced by anther or pollen at developmental stages ranging from anther primordia to mature pollen, as well as in other floral and vegetative tissues. This has been studied in a sporophytic self-incompatible system, Brassica campestris (Brassicaceae). The implications of these observations have been discussed.
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