Karl Fischer reagent (e.g., Sigma) Water standard Karl Fischer solvent: anhydrous methanol (dried using molecular sieves) Sample for analysis, homogeneous Karl Fischer titration assembly, automatic (Metrohm 701 or 758, Brinkmann or equivalent) 1-ml syringes (or 10-ml for low-moisture samples) Dried, clean 10-and 50-ml volumetric flasks Balance capable of measuring ±0.1 mg Standardize Karl Fischer reagent 1. Set up titration assembly per manufacturer's instructions. Most titrators have a sealed titration vessel where liquid samples are injected and the titrator adds the Karl Fischer reagent until a stable endpoint is achieved. This protocol
The probabilities of formation of ortho-and para-hydrogen are incorrectly formulated in the above paper. In particular, the validity of eqn (5.37) and (5.38) is limited: the yS and Sy terms cannot be treated separately. For example two H atoms after an initial encounter in a To state with nuclear wavefunction 2-"2(yS + Sy) may subsequently re-encounter as singlets with 2-1'2( $3 -S y ) with probability (cf. section 5)
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