Scientific literacy is define as the capacity of use scientific knowledge in order to understand and help make decision about the natural world and the changes made it through human activity. Teachers are a major factor in the success of learning, therefore it is necessary to test the scientific literacy skill  of biology teacher students. This study aims to find out science literacy of biology teacher students and the corellation between of integrated science process skill, and reading comprehension skill of biology teacher students to their scientific literacy skill. The method for this research  used the survey method with correlational studies. The sample of this research is 81 students of biology teacher students of Jakarta State University. The results shows that the scientific literacy of biology education students is destitute. It is shown from the average score of their scientific literacy skill which is 45.58. This study shows that correlation coefficient obtained is 0,457 which means that there is correlation between integrated science process skill with scientific literacy skill. This study also shows that there is correlation between reading comprehension skill with with scientific literacy skill which correlation coefficient obtained is 0,214.

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Background: Apples often experience postharvest damage due to being attacked by mold organisms. Several groups of molds such as Aspergillus sp., Penicilium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Venturia sp. can cause a serious postharvest disease exhibited as watery regions where areas of blue-green tufts of spores develop. Current methods using fungicides to control pathogenic fungi can cause resistance if applied in long term. An alternative procedure using yeast as a biological agent has been found. Objective: The aim of this study is to screen potential yeast which has ability to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus brasielensis (isolate A1) and Aspergillus flavus section flavi (isolate A17) isolated from apple fruits. Methods: Antagonism test using YMA dual culture medium using in vitro assays and ITS rDNA identification were performed. Results: The result showed that 3 out of 19 yeast isolated from Cerbera manghas L, T1, T3 and T4, demonstrated the potential ability as biocontrol agent. ITS rDNA identification demonstrated that T1 has similarity to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa while T3 and T4 were identified as Aureobasidium sp. nov.. The 3 isolates exhibited the ability to reduce the growth of A. brasiliensis sensu lato better than dithane 0.3% with a disease incidence (DI) of 100% and a disease severity (DS) value of 45%. Only isolate T1 and T3 were able to reduce decay symptoms in apples inoculated with A. flavus sensu lato (with DO and DS were 100% and 25%, respectively) compared to dithane pesticides 0.3%. Conclusion: This study indicated that competition between nutrients occurs between pathogenic molds and under-yeast in vitro and in vivo conditions. However, further studies in the future might be able to elucidate the 'killer' activity and interaction with the pathogen cells and the bio-product production using Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Aureoubasidium namibiae strains to control postharvest diseases.

ABSTRAKNilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan tanaman semak penghasil minyak atsiri yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Budidaya tanaman nilam memiliki kendala yaitu adanya serangan kapang Synchytrium pogostemonis penyebab penyakit budok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketahanan 3 varietas nilam terhadap penyakit budok, dan mengetahui efektivitas dari formula tunggal dan campuran minyak mimba dan seraiwangi terhadap kejadian penyakit budok dan pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua percobaan: 1) Efektivitas metode infeksi dan uji ketahanan tiga varietas nilam terhadap penyakit budok di rumah kaca, dan 2) Uji efektivitas minyak atsiri formula tunggal maupun campuran mimba dan seraiwangi sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap penyakit budok. Hasil percobaan efektivitas metode infeksi menujukkan bahwa metode perendaman akar tanaman dalam inokulum budok selama satu jam lebih efektif menginfeksi penyakit budok dibandingkan dengan metode penyiraman ke media tanam. Hasil uji ketahanan nilam varietas Sidikalang, Patchoulina 1 dan Patchoulina 2 menunjukkan bahwa varietas Patchoulina 1 lebih rentan terhadap penyakit budok karena menimbulkan keterjadian penyakit (KeP) dan keparahan penyakit (KP) hingga 20%, dengan karekter pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman yang lebih rendah dibandingkan varietas lain yang diuji. Sedangkan diantara minyak atsiri yang diujikan, formula minyak atsiri campuran (mimba dan seraiwangi) konsentrasi 0.5% lebih efektif dalam mengurangi penyakit budok, namun efektivitasnya masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan fungisida benomil 0,3% dan bubur bordo 0,1%. Aplikasi formula minyak atsiri secara signifikan tidak berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan nilam, sehingga formula campuran (mimba dan seraiwangi) 0,5% dapat digunakan untuk mengontrol penyakit budok pada tanaman nilam. PENDAHULUANNilam (Pogestemon cablin Benth.) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang menyumbang devisa Negara cukup besar. Minyak nilam tersebut mempunyai banyak manfaat sehingga sering digunakan dalam

Banana (Musa sp. -ABB) cv. Kepok is one of type banana processed that have a very potential commodities fruit developed to support food survival. The purpose of this study was to knowing the effect of gamma irradiation on the growth of banana plants cv. Kepok in vitro. This study was conducted in October 2014 -October 2015 in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Biological -Science UNJ. The methods used was experiment with fully randomized design. Factors that tested was 6 gamma irradiation doses (0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 Gy) with 10 repetition. Observation of phenotypic generate diverse characters on the growth of the number of shoots and leaves. Gamma irradiation dose of 50 Gy is doses most inhibits the growth of character. Mutations that occur in banana plantlets cv. Kepok generated by the treatment doses gamma irradiation induced mutation is random. Keywords: gamma irradiation, in vitro tissue culture, banana (Musa sp.-ABB) cv. Kepok PENDAHULUANPisang merupakan komoditas buah-buahan yang sangat potensial dikembangkan untuk menunjang ketahanan pangan. Pisang memiliki keunggulan yang dibutuhkan seperti kandungn nutrisi, produktivitas yang cukup tinggi dan kemampuan untuk mengatasi tekanan lingkungan sekitarnya untuk dapat bertahan hidup (Deptan, 2006). Pisang merupakan hasil pangan pertanian terpenting keempat di dunia setelah beras, gandum, dan jagung (INIBAP, 2000). Produksi pisang di Indonesia menduduki tempat kelima dunia dengan besaran 3,6 juta ton atau 5 persen dari produksi dunia (Deptan, 2006). Produktivitas pisang di Indonesia pada tahun 2014 mencapai 70.46 ton per hektar dan konsumsi buah pisang penduduk Indonesia mencapai 5,902 kg per kapita setahun (BPS, 2014).Tanaman pisang merupakan tanaman yang diperbanyak secara vegetatif sehingga memiliki keterbatasan dalam perolehan variasi genetik, serta membutuhkan waktu generasi yang panjang dalam siklus vegetatifnya. Peningkatan keragaman genetik pada tanaman pisang dapat dilakukan melalui induksi mutasi, dan pada saat ini metode pemuliaan dengan mutasi dan bioteknologi untuk peningkatan keragaman genetik dapat menjadi suatu alternatif metode yang bermanfaat bagi pemuliaan tanaman pisang (IAEA, 2009).Mutasi adalah suatu proses perubahan yang mendadak pada materi genetik dari suatu sel, yang mencakup perubahan pada tingkat molekuler, gen dan kromosom (Poehlman and Sleper, 1995). Proses mutasi dapat menimbulkan perubahan pada sifat-sifat genetis tanaman baik ke arah positif maupun negatif, dan normal. Mutasi yang terjadi ke arah sifat positif dan terwariskan ke generasi berikutnya merupakan mutasi yang dikehendaki oleh pemulia tanaman (Sisworo et al., 2010).

<p>Synchytrium pogostemonis, the causal agent of budok disease, is one of the major limiting factors in patchouli production in Indonesia. Patchouli farmers usually control budok disease with chemical fungicides. Chemical control pollutes environment and disrupts agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, an environmentally friendly pest control should be conducted to control the disease. The objective of the study was to isolate and evaluate some rhizobacteria from the rhizosphere of patchouli and black pepper plants against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae, F. solani, Sclerotium rolfsii. Potential rhizobacterial isolates were tested to control budok disease on a pot scale. The results showed that 26 rhizobacterial isolates from 100 tested were antagonistic to F. oxysporum, F. solani and S. rolfsii. Four rhizobacteria isolates (RL13-A, RL31-A, RL35-A, RL32-A) showed strong inhibition (&gt;40 %) against the 3 pathogens. In polibag experiment, RL35-A, PS9, RL13-A, RL32-B, RL31-A isolates were able to suppress budok disease significantly by 84.01; 76.00; 65.99; 43.99; and 21.98 % respectively. These results indicated that RL35-A isolates have strong antagonistic effect compared to other isolates. Based on 16S rDNA analysis, RL35-A isolates possessed close relationship (99 %) with all species of Enterobacter sp. The antibiotic compound extracted from RL35-A culture broth using GC-MS analysis was identified as phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-(canola). These results suggested that Enterobacter sp. was potential to be developed as biological agent for controlling budok disease in patchouli plants.</p>

In education word one of a serious problem is a high to low student learning outcomes. Good learning outcomes will be achieved when students have the self-efficacy and learning independence in overcoming learning difficulties which affect them. This research aims to find out and analyze the influence of self-efficacy and learning independence against the outcomes of the study of biology students. The research method used is ex pose facto 2x2 factorial design. The sample of this research is the grade X with number of 74 students. The instruments in this research are self-efficacy questioner, learning independence questioner and the outcomes study quesioner. Prerequisites testing conducted distributed normal data using Kolmogorov Smirnov and homogenous test using Bartlet test. Based on hypothesis testing, it was concluded that there is no influence of self-efficacy and learning independence against the outcomes of the study and there is influence between learning independence on student learning outcomes at Senior High School in Bekasi.

<p>Learning outcomes is an ability that must be owned by learner after getting a learning experience. This ability is not an independent thing, but has correlation with many factors, such as  learning motivation. The aim of this research is to know the correlationn between learning motivation and learning outcomes of senior high school students in Heredity materials. This research was conducted on students grade XII of SMA IT Thariq Bin Ziyad on first and second semester in the school year 2016/2017. Research method that is used is survey through correlational study. Data were collected by using questionnary for learning motivation, and test instrument for learning outcomes in Heredity material. All data were distribute normally and homogenuous. Data were analysed by simple linear regression test showed that regression equation y = 9,72 + 0,34x. Result of this research showed that there is possitive correlation between learning motivation and learning outcomes of students in Heredity materials with correlation coofisient 0,414. This result illustrate that higher learning motivation will make students’ learning outcomes in Heredity material become better.  The other way, if students learning motivation is low, the learning outcomes will be low as well.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Learning motivation, learning ourcomes, Heredity material</p>