Highlights d Inferential decisions engage the hippocampus in humans and mice d During inference, a hippocampal prospective code draws on associative memories d This hippocampal prospective code preserves the learned temporal statistics d During rest, hippocampal ripples nest cognitive shortcuts for inferred relations
Highlights d Memory interference is mediated by both the hippocampus and neocortical inhibition d In the hippocampus, overlapping memories are separated using relational information d In neocortex, inhibition protects overlapping memories from interference d By reducing neocortical GABA with brain stimulation, memory interference increases Authors
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